柳永和歌妓之间有真正的爱情吗?

柳永作为北宋一位著名的词人,写了大量的歌妓词,并因此而名传后世。但这并不能说明柳永和歌妓之间存在着真正的爱情。本文通过多角度的透视,力图说明柳永和歌妓之间不可能有真正意义上的爱情。     

奥运争光竞技体育服务产品提供方式的实证分析

研究以奥运争光类竞技体育服务产品的提供方式为对象,通过对我国传统竞技体育服务产品提供方式的历史考察发现,举国体制是我国传统竞技体育服务产品提供的重要方式之一。在现实条件下,奥运争光竞技体育服务产品的提供具有多元可能性,而专项资金、资助高校培养模式、委托生产——合约模式、非营利组织生产等方式。     

Modeling the impacts of child care quality on children's preschool cognitive development

The National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Study of Early Child Care compared 3 statistical methods that adjust for family selection bias to test whether child care type and quality relate to cognitive and academic skills. The methods included: multiple regression models of 54-month outcomes, change models of differences in 24- and 54-month outcomes, and residualized change models of 54-month outcomes adjusting for the 24-month outcome. The study was unable to establish empirically which model best adjusted for selection and omitted-variable bias. Nevertheless, results suggested that child care quality predicted cognitive outcomes at 54 months, with effect sizes of .04 to .08 for both infant and preschool ages. Center care during preschool years also predicted outcomes across all models.     

提高高等学校人力资源利用效率的制度分析与建议

高等学校人力资源利用效率低,成了高等教育发展的瓶颈。章通过对高等学校人力资源利用效率偏低现象的分析,找出人力资源利用效率在制度上存在的障碍。提出在宏观层面,建立与市场机制相适应的人员聘用制度和工资制度。在微观层面,建立与道德调节机制相适应的岗位责任制度、奖励制度和表彰制度的建议。     

Studying the effects of early child care experiences on the development of children of color in the United States: toward a more inclusive research agenda

Evidence is presented of the different cultural and ecological contexts affecting early child care for families of color. It is argued that improvements on previous research require a fundamental shift in how race, ethnicity, and culture as psychological variables are examined. Furthermore, to avoid the pitfalls and failures of previous research, new research must incorporate expanded models of child care and development in childhood. The integrative model of development for children of color proposed by Garcia Coll et al. (1996) is presented as a basis for developing more specific ecological models relevant to addressing child care issues in ethnic minority families. Finally, priority areas for future research are recommended to stimulate and enable child care researchers to adopt a more inclusive view of child care and its effects.     

Does amount of time spent in child care predict socioemotional adjustment during the transition to kindergarten?

To examine relations between time in nonmaternal care through the first 4.5 years of life and children's socioemotional adjustment, data on social competence and problem behavior were examined when children participating in the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Study of Early Child Care were 4.5 years of age and when in kindergarten. The more time children spent in any of a variety of nonmaternal care arrangements across the first 4.5 years of life, the more externalizing problems and conflict with adults they manifested at 54 months of age and in kindergarten, as reported by mothers, caregivers, and teachers. These effects remained, for the most part, even when quality, type, and instability of child care were controlled, and when maternal sensitivity and other family background factors were taken into account. The magnitude of quantity of care effects were modest and smaller than those of maternal sensitivity and indicators of family socioeconomic status, though typically greater than those of other features of child care, maternal depression, and infant temperament. There was no apparent threshold for quantity effects. More time in care not only predicted problem behavior measured on a continuous scale in a dose-response pattern but also predicted at-risk (though not clinical) levels of problem behavior, as well as assertiveness, disobedience, and aggression.     

THE CHESTER CASE

Broad (1999) Broad, B. 1999. “Facing our professional others: Border crossing in teacher education”. In Preparing a nation's teachers: Models for English and foreign language programs, Edited by: Franklin, P., Laurence, D. E. and Welles, E. B. 373–379. New York: The Modern Language Association of America.  [Google Scholar] observed that “troubled borders crisscross the geography of teacher preparation in English” (p. 373), calling for collaboration where preparation is a university responsibility (Gregorian, 2001 Gregorian, V. 2001. Teacher education must become colleges' central preoccupation. August172001. The Chronicle of Higher Education, pp.B7–B8.  [Google Scholar]). This research documents a three-year complex case study that addressed the question: What happens when English, education, and high school faculty cross borders to prepare secondary English teachers to teach in urban schools? This study looked at faculty mentors and preservice teacher mentees as they collaborated on multi-leveled projects to improve teacher preparation of secondary English teachers. Interventions included collaborative seminars, collaborative mentoring, and individual mentoring of preservice English teachers by English, education, and high school faculty. Results indicate that interventions challenged biases of stakeholders, enhanced the quality of teacher preparation, and revised instructional practices of university English and education faculty and preservice teachers. Results indicate that mentees incorporated suggestions made by mentors that reinforced pedagogical content knowledge. Most mentees regarded content mentors favorably, noting that their focus of observation was different from those of clinical supervisors and cooperating teachers. English and education mentors assimilated changes in personal pedagogy based on observations and discussions with urban high school teachers. Such discussions also challenged personal beliefs about urban students and schools. Content mentors also adjusted syllabi to include materials used in high school curricula. The implication of this study is that “crossing borders” improves and alters how university faculty can better prepare preservice teachers.     

优秀速滑运动员体能特征分析

通过对优秀速度滑冰运动员的专项运动素质包括力量、速度、耐力、协调能力进行测试,结合各类参考文献,并参照速度滑冰专家的建议,获取优秀速滑运动员专项运动素质的特征,为中国速度滑冰事业提供理论参考。     

重大研发(R&D)项目过程管理综合集成体系结构研究

摘要：根据重大研发项目过程和管理综合集成的特征,论文重点分析、研究和论述了过程管理综合集成系统体系结构的特征,提出了研究、分析过程管理综合集成体系结构的方法,建立了重大研发项目过程管理、过程接口管理综合集成系统的时空体系结构,并应用于舰船建造过程。     

中国优秀女子撑竿跳高运动员起跳、摆体、推竿的生物力学分析

研究目的：对三名最优秀女子撑竿跳运动员进行动作分析，讨论其技术的合理性及特点。研究方法：横向与纵向结合的扫描摄影法。主要结果与结论：(1)蔡维燕采用先起跳后插穴的技术，其他二人采用先插穴后起跳的技术；(2)蔡起跳时躯干较垂直，其他二人后倾；(3)蔡的展体效果较好；(4)三人在推竿后没有进一步腾空。建议：最好使用同时插穴起跳的技术，起跳时保持躯干正直，并应加强上肢力量的训练。