Human cancer genetics

Cancer is a genetic disorder.Although heredi-tary cancers account for only a small fraction of all tumors,most cancers are caused by a variable mix of heredity and environment that leads to accumulations of genetic alterations and then uncontrolled cell pro-liferations(Kops et al.,2005).In addition,genetic alteration is one of the a few most important bio-logical factors that determine the diagnosis and prognosis of different cancers and dictate the treat-ment strategies for cancer patients.Fu…     

5种哺乳动物组织DNA提取比较研究

以大仓鼠、家兔、刺猬等动物新鲜冷冻样品为实验材料,比较了从不同动物的5种样品组织中提取的全基因组DNA.结果表明:从以上三种动物不同样品组织中均能提取到比较纯净完整的基因组DNA,而且从动物肝脏中提取的全基因组DNA纯度和浓度都优于其它材料,能够更好的适用于继后的分子生物学试验研究.     

Preliminary studies on the detection ofMycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex using DNA probe from a clinical isolate

Genomic DNA from a clinical isolate ofMycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex was purified and cloned in PBR 322 at the tetracycline resistance site using Bam HI restriction enzyme. A 16 kb cloned fragment was purified, radiolabeled and used as a probe. Genomic DNA isolated from nineteen MAC strains, threeM. tuberculosis strains and oneM. kansasii strain were digested with Eco RI restriction enzyme, Southern blotted and hybridized with the 16 kb cloned and labeled fragment. Twelve MAC strains showed positive hybridization although five strains gave faint signals. Positive hybridization was noted in two out of the threeM. tuberculosis strains, possibly due to shared DNA homology. No signal was received from the singleM. kansasii strain used in this study.     

Elymus sibiricus, E. nutans 和 E. burchan-buddae 的形态学鉴定及其染色体组亲缘关系的研究

为了进一步研究Elymus sibiricus L.、E．nutans Griseb．和E．burchan-buddae(Neuski)Tzelev [＝Roegneria nutans(Keng)Keng]的外部形态差异及其系统学关系，本文对这三种植物的6个穗部形 态性状进行了观测和比较，并对这三个Elymus种进行了种间杂交及杂种F1的减数分裂染色体配对行 为的分析研究。结果表明：这三个Elymus种的穗长及颖长等性状均变异很大，而内稃的长、宽则变异 不大并具有明显的种间差异。E. nutans×E．barchan-buddae及E.nutans×E．sibiricus的杂种F1均完 全不育，减数分裂不规则。E．nutans×E．burchan-buddae杂种F1的减数分裂构型为：7.70I+13.40 Ⅱ+0.06Ⅲ+O.08 Ⅳ，而E．sibiricus×E．nutans杂种F1的构型为11.98 Ⅰ+9.61Ⅱ+O.64Ⅲ+0.39 Ⅳ+0.01V。由本实验的形态学和细胞学的研究结果得出以下结论：1．利用内稃形态性状结合穗部 其它性状的差异能对这三个物种进行较准确的鉴定；2．E．nutans与E.burchan-buddae的亲缘关系较 近，而E．nutans与E．sibiricus的亲缘关系则较远；3. E，burchan-buddae×E．nutans的杂种Fl中存在着染色体配对控制因子。     

Seeing Faces and History through Human Genome Sequences

<正>The scientifi c goals of the Partner Group are to utilize large scale genomic polymorphism data to make fi ne inferences about human demographic history and various forms of natural selection in the human genome;and to understand the genetic basis and evolutionary mechanisms underlying the common variations in human facial morphology,both within and between populations.     

大黄鱼基因组DNA的提取及其RAPD分析条件的探索

通过实验筛选出一种快速、简便提取大黄鱼基因组 DNA的方法 .以该法提取的大黄鱼基因组 DNA为模板 ,对大黄鱼 RAPD分析中的 DNA模板浓度、镁离子浓度、d NTPs浓度、引物浓度和 Taq酶浓度进行了研究 ,初步确定了适于大黄鱼 RAPD分析的最佳反应体系 :2 5μL反应体系中 ,含模板 DNA2 5 ng,1 0× PCR缓冲液 2 .5μL,d NTPs1 0 0μmol/L,Mg Cl2 2 .5 mmol/L,引物 0 .2μmol/L,Taq DNA聚合酶 1 .0 μmol/min.     

利用已知微卫星引物寻找目的DNA

利用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)方法特异性扩增河北省饶阳县大仓鼠(Circetulvs triton)基因组DNA通过琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测以期出现特异性条带，可以进一步回收进行序列分析．     

超声波破碎仪在高通量测序中的应用

高通量测序技术中的数据质量控制是测序过程中的重要问题,样本文库的质量则是获取高质量的测序数据的前提和基础.在各种样本文库的制备过程中,样本的片段化过程受到普遍关注.该文主要针对基因组DNA样本的片段化技术中,涉及到的非接触式全自动超声破碎仪Bioruptor和自动聚焦声波样本处理仪Covaris S220的使用技巧和仪器的优缺点进行了初步比较.     

蟋蟀基因组DNA提取方法

对直翅目蟋蟀总科部分种类酒精浸泡标本的基因组DNA进行了提取，样品经检测，谱带基本呈线形，无拖尾；OD(260／280nm)值86．11％在1．6—1．8之间。