中国棒球联赛职业化进程的审视与思考

运用文献法和统计法,对中国棒球联赛职业化的形成与发展脉络进行梳理分析。文章认为:(1)走商业化与职业化的途径,是提高我国棒球运动整体水平的必由之路;(2)协调好新闻宣传、竞赛管理、市场运作等方面之间的关系,是保证中国棒球联赛经久不衰的重要手段;(3)以中国棒球联赛为依托,备战2008年北京奥运会,实现普及与提高中国棒球运动整体水平的奋斗目标。     

Using a discrete choice experiment to estimate spectators’ willingness to pay for professional baseball park sportscape

The physical environment of sport facilities, referred to as the sportscape, has a substantial influence on the extent to which sport fans attend sporting events and revisit the facilities. Accordingly, professional franchises make efforts to construct new stadiums with different sportscape elements, which serve as important factors that determine spectators’ levels of attendance satisfaction. With a sample of South Korean baseball fans, the authors examine which sportscape components of professional ballparks are considered most important by spectators, as well as how baseball attendees indicate their willingness to pay for particular sportscape attributes. Based on a discrete choice experimental approach, results indicate that spectators place the greatest importance on fast access to ballparks largely dependent upon the location. Results also suggest that respondents are willing to pay KR₩4102 for one more subway line. Different strategies for developing successful sportscape components are discussed.     

论棒球运动员初级选材与相关技术

通过文献资料法、结合实际棒球教学经验,总结出少年儿童棒球传统选材法、科学选材法及选材标准,棒球的相关进攻、防守技术知识,以及棒球运动相关技术知识,希望能对棒球运动员初级选材及相关技术有一定的帮助,同时对中国棒球事业的发展有一定的参考价值.     

棒球守场员比赛时心理调控方法的初步探讨

本文目的为了探讨我国优秀棒球守场员赛时心理调控的一些方法,了解心理素质对棒球守场员的影响。棒球比赛中守场员面对对方进攻时,对不同局面做出相应的防守处理时,不仅技术上过硬,而且更重的是攻破心理这一关,尤其是棒球这项运动场上的局面瞬息万变,如不及时把自己的心理调节好很容易使场上的局面失控,造成本队失分或处于不利局面。本文主采用文献资料法对全国棒球联赛中一些队伍的守场员进行心理问题上的探讨。结果发现很多球员在比赛中的心理上有很多情况都无法控制自己,达不到比赛的最佳状态,导致比赛成绩不佳。本研究认为心理能力的强弱对棒球守场员在赛时的发挥有着极为重的作用。     

Examining Minor League Baseball Spectator Nostalgia: A Neuroscience Perspective

The purpose of this study was to explore nostalgia’s effect on MiLB spectators’ psychological, emotional, and behavioral responses. Mobile encephalography (EEG) headsets were used to monitor attendees’ neurological responses that may be indicative of nostalgia, while an ecological momentary assessment (EMA) permitted the capturing of spectators’ self-reported nostalgic levels. This approach allowed participants’ mental scores to be analyzed in relationship to their nostalgic occurrences. Brainwave frequencies emblematic of inward attention and arousal were significantly related with the number of instances spectators reported feeling nostalgic, which denote mental dispositions prevalent among attendees more prone to nostalgia. Moreover, PROCESS macro regression highlighted nostalgia’s ability to influence spectators’ behavioral intentions. Results also revealed environmental stimuli originating from sight, sound, and sociability to be especially prominent in triggering nostalgia. Overall, the study’s findings reveal unique characteristics present in baseball that render both immediate and enduring effects.     

Negotiating the cultural and economic outcomes of sport heritage attractions: the case of the National Baseball Hall of Fame

ABSTRACT

Contemporary museums must balance their roles as commercial entities and repositories of various, and often dissonant, heritages and histories. Sports museums in particular often have clear commercial and nostalgic aims, particularly through tourist visitation, though the extent to which they represent more challenging narratives remains unclear. This paper examines how one of the most famous sports museums in the world, the National Baseball Hall of Fame (NBHF) in Cooperstown, New York, balances its dual role as tourist attraction and repository of baseball's sometimes checkered past. It was found that different sections of the museum provide greater or lesser degrees of engagement with more controversial issues, although the commercial outputs and appeal of the museum remains clear throughout. Utlimately, the NBHF demonstrates that balancing veneration and critique in collections can be commercially prosperous, and can provide a template for other sport and popular culture museums who may be wary of incorporating more challenging narratives in their exhibits. Furthermore, the symbiotic relationship between the Hall of Fame and the village of Cooperstown, particularly in creating and maintaining cultural and economic outputs, requires further exploration.     

Apparent Decline As A Sign Of Improvement? or,Can Less Be More?

Improvement of a system need not be the usual growth expected of dynamic systems. Decreasing variability, an important index of improvement, is discussed. The disappearance of 0.400 hitters from professional baseball can be better understood under such an assumption. Other examples illustrating the apparent paradox are also mentioned.     

Schooling Taiwan's aboriginal baseball players for the nation

One of the major challenges that faces nation-builders in postcolonial societies is the incorporation of subaltern groups, particularly aboriginal peoples, into a collective national project. One vehicle for addressing this challenge is sport with schools being amongst the most important venues. This article offers an empirical study of the role of aboriginal players in Taiwanese baseball. By examining the schooling and historic achievements of aboriginal players in the Nenggao and Hongye teams and the role of aboriginal players during the more recent post-martial law period, the study challenges some commonly held views concerning the relationship between baseball and Taiwanese national identity. In particular, the article analyzes the role of the state in its use of baseball to support the co-option of aboriginal players for the nation-building project. The study concludes that the state, regardless of which ruling elite is in power, has consistently manipulated Taiwan's indigenous peoples, not least through the education system, in order to achieve certain political objectives, specifically in relation to nation-building. Furthermore, although baseball remains an important avenue for the social and economic advancement of individual aborigines, recurrent scandals linked to exploitation have been consistent characteristics of state policy.     

The unredeemed nations: the Taiwanese film KANO and its trans-border reception

Taiwanese film KANO recounts the passage of a mixed-race baseball team to Japan’s Koshien Tournament during the colonial era of the 1930s. Its release evoked in both Taiwan and Japan critical responses in view of its rosy depiction of colonial modernity. Through analysing the film’s text and reviews in both Taiwan and Japan, we identify KANO as a “post-national” cinematic event. Its inviting nostalgic invocation of Japanese colonialism at the civilian level has launched divergent discourses on colonial legacies in the contemporary re/making of national identities, reflecting on the post-colonial socio-cultural conditions facing both Taiwan and Japan. We found that KANO in Taiwan instigated a re-examination of the state’s role in crafting the foundational myth of baseball as a “national” sport. Furthermore, the film brought on schemes of othering in which two national others were distinguished to manifest Taiwan subjectivity: Japanese colonialism versus Chinese nationalism. On the other hand, KANO in Japan was stripped of its colonial connotation. Its honouring of juvenile devotion to baseball was employed as a psychic introjection of Japanese-ness, which many considered losing in the globalizing social milieu.     

棒球运动员的培养与科学训练

棒球是值得提倡和开发的体育运动。实践证实棒球关键之一在队风培养和科学训练 ,如善于运用大脑思维和体力 ,强化时间观念 ,既有拼搏精神又有严格纪律性。