海军障碍训练损伤因素分析及对策

通过对海军学员在海军障碍训练中出现的运动损伤调查分析，找出导致海军障碍训练运动损伤的因素，从海军障碍训练方法、手段、设施等几个方面提出了预防对策。     

Hip and upper extremity kinematics in youth baseball pitchers

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between dynamic hip rotational range of motion and upper extremity kinematics during baseball pitching. Thirty-one youth baseball pitchers (10.87 ± 0.92 years; 150.03 ± 5.48 cm; 44.83 ± 8.04 kg) participated. A strong correlation was found between stance hip rotation and scapular upward rotation at maximum shoulder external rotation (r = 0.531, P = 0.002) and at ball release (r = 0.536, P = 0.002). No statistically significant correlations were found between dynamic hip rotational range of motion and passive hip range of motion. Hip range of motion deficits can constrain pelvis rotation and limit energy generation in the lower extremities. Shoulder pathomechanics can then develop as greater responsibility is placed on the shoulder to generate the energy lost from the proximal segments, increasing risk of upper extremity injury. Additionally, it appears that passive seated measurements of hip range of motion may not accurately reflect the dynamic range of motion of the hips through the progression of the pitch cycle.     

Lower limb alignment characteristics are not associated with running injuries in runners: Prospective cohort study

There is conflicting evidence on the association between lower limb alignment characteristics and the incidence of running-related injury (RRI). Therefore, the primary aim of this study was to investigate the association between lower limb alignment characteristics and the incidence proportion of RRI in a convenience sample of recreational runners. A total of 89 recreational runners were included in this prospective cohort study. These participants had been running for at least six months and were injury-free at baseline. Lower limb alignment measurements were conducted in order to calculate lower limb discrepancy, Q-angle, subtalar angle and plantar index. All participants also answered a baseline and biweekly online surveys about their running routine, history of RRI and newly developed RRI over a period of 12 weeks. The prevalence of previous RRI and the 12-week incidence proportion of new RRI were calculated. Logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the association between lower limb length discrepancy, Q-angle, subtalar angle and plantar ach index with the incidence proportion of RRI. The prevalence of previous RRI was 55.1% (n?=?49). The 12-week incidence proportion of new RRI was 27.0% (n?=?24). Muscle injuries and tendinopathies were the main types of RRI identified. The lower leg and the knee were the main anatomical regions affected. We did not find significant associations between lower limb length discrepancy, Q-angle, subtalar angle and plantar arch index and injury occurrence.     

农民工工伤保险制度供给研究

通过分析农民工工伤保险制度供给的公共政策议程背景、经济失衡背景以及现实问题背景三大背景,从农民工、政府及企业三方契约参与者理性选择角度,展现农民工社会保险制度供给中应有的基本战略认识。     

学生伤害事故法律责任述论

学生伤害事故是指学生在校期间或在与学校有关的教育活动中发生的人身伤害事故.近些年来,此类事故时有发生,成为教育界、法学界甚至社会各界关注的热点之一,如何认定学校的法律责任,学校承担法律责任的类型和方式等问题成为人们关注的焦点.但是,到目前为止,有关这方面的研究仍处于起步阶段.理论研究的滞后导致实践操作的困难.现实中主要表现为学生伤害事故不能得到正确、及时、有效和公正的处理与解决.基于此,根据我国现行法律的规定,结合学校实际情况,对此进行简要论述.     

我国少年男子体操运动员腕部运动损伤的调查分析

对我国优秀少年男子体操运动员腕部运动损伤的情况进行了调查。结果表明,运动员的损伤主要为三角纤维软骨盘损伤,过多的支撑练习是造成损伤的主要原因,腕部的损伤多发生在鞍马、双杠和自由操项目中。     

基于和式太极三直五顺拳理对预防太极拳运动膝关节损伤的研究

文章通过太极拳运动对膝关节损伤的相关文献查询,得出常见的太极拳运动膝关节损伤病例,对文献结论分析得出造成损伤的因素有两个方面,一是动作技术不正确不规范造成,二是膝关节受力过重造成。通过对和式太极拳三直五顺拳理要求分析,得出五顺是太极拳动作技术要求,三直是减轻膝关节受力要求,与造成膝关节损伤的两个方面具有对应关系,提出三直五顺拳理对练习者的要求在保护膝关节损伤的重要性。     

散打运动员膝关节损伤研究

文章采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、专家访谈法等方法,以广州体育学院散打队队员为研究对象,对武术散打运动中膝关节损伤及其防治的情况进行了研究,发现了导致膝关节损伤产生的原因、损伤的性质、训练年限与损伤的关系和诊断治疗以及预防措施等,并在此基础上提出合理、科学的防治膝关节损伤的方法和建议。以引起教练员和运动员对膝关节损伤及其防治情况的重视,从而减少其发病率,保证我国散打运动健康稳步发展。     

儿童半月板损伤的诊断与手术效果

作者报道了1957～1990年间收治并经手术证实儿童半月板损伤的48例临床资料.着重评价了传统诊断方法的要点及价值,讨论了仪器检查的价值与适应症.随诊1～36年.虽然临床疗效比较理想,但术后关节退变出现早而严重,故对儿童半月板全切除术应持慎重态度.藉助关节镜早期诊断和治疗,最大限度保留半月板是努力方向.     

中学体育活动伤害事故法律问题研究

校园学生伤害事故是目前社会普遍关心的热点问题,其中学校体育活动是校园学生伤害事故的多发区。本文通过对学校体育学生伤害事故法律责任的研究,分析中学体育活动中学生伤害事故发生的主要原因和特点,从法律视角来观察和审视其内部诸因素的联系,分析划分其法律责任、责任主体及法律后果;建议加强法制宣传和学习,制定及时可行的工作制度及预防应急措施。