对新规则下直拍进攻型打法发展趋势的研究

直拍进攻型打法曾经是我国乒坛的主流打法,由于缺乏创新,在近10多年一直不太景气.但是,直拍进攻型打法有其特定的优势,具有很强的抗争能力,只要创新技术、加强实力,就能登上世界乒坛的最高峰;诚然,它自身的确也存在着很多问题,加上11分赛制和无遮挡发球的实行,必定会给这种打法带来一些影响(正负双方面).因此,在新形势下对直拍进攻型打法进行进一步的深入剖析和探讨,成为我国乒坛亟待解决的课题.通过对世界优秀男子直拍进攻型打法选手的技战术进行统计与分析,并走访乒乓界权威人士和有关专家,对新规则带来的一些问题和该打法今后的发展趋势进行深入分析与探讨,为进一步提高我国直拍进攻型打法的技术水平提供科学理论和参考依据.     

Effects of heat acclimation on hand cooling efficacy following exercise in the heat

This study examined the separate and combined effects of heat acclimation and hand cooling on post-exercise cooling rates following bouts of exercise in the heat. Seventeen non-heat acclimated (NHA) males (mean ± SE; age, 23 ± 1 y; mass, 75.30 ± 2.27 kg; maximal oxygen consumption [VO₂ max], 54.1 ± 1.3 ml·kg^?1·min^?1) completed 2 heat stress tests (HST) when NHA, then 10 days of heat acclimation, then 2 HST once heat acclimated (HA) in an environmental chamber (40°C; 40%RH). HSTs were 2 60-min bouts of treadmill exercise (45% VO₂ max; 2% grade) each followed by 10 min of hand cooling (C) or no cooling (NC). Heat acclimation sessions were 90–240 min of treadmill or stationary bike exercise (60–80% VO₂ max). Repeated measures ANOVA with Fishers LSD post hoc (α < 0.05) identified differences. When NHA, C (0.020 ± 0.003°C·min^?1) had a greater cooling rate than NC (0.013 ± 0.003°C·min^?1) (mean difference [95%CI]; 0.007°C [0.001,0.013], P = 0.035). Once HA, C (0.021 ± 0.002°C·min^?1) was similar to NC (0.025 ± 0.002°C·min^?1) (0.004°C [?0.003,0.011], P = 0.216). Hand cooling when HA (0.021 ± 0.002°C·min^?1) was similar to when NHA (0.020 ± 0.003°C·min^?1) (P = 0.77). In conclusion, when NHA, C provided greater cooling rates than NC. Once HA, C and NC provided similar cooling rates.     

我国女子撑竿跳高技术的运动学分析

采用高速摄影与影片解析的方法,对参加１９９６年全国田径锦标赛的６名优秀女子撑竿跳高运动员的技术进行测试,用握杆高度、人体质心速度变化和转动惯量等指标来揭示人—杆系统的运动学规律及其特征。结果表明,孙彩云的“低髋摆体”技术较先进。     

木球运动健身价值的初探

为探讨木球运动的健身价值。对广州体育学院 3 6名学生 (青年组 )和 1 1名中老年木球爱好者 ,进行木球基本技术训练和比赛前后有关生理指标的测试。结果表明 ,青年组在 1 0次控制球和长球练习后 ,心率增加 ,握力下降 ,其变化依次为长球 >控制球 >攻门 ,运动强度达到中等程度。老年组比赛全程心率监测显示每一时段心率均值在 1 0 0～ 1 2 0T/min之间 ,表明木球运动具有良好的健身价值     

3种最新网球双手反拍抽球技术分析与训练研究

当今网球比赛正流行双手反拍的打法,与20年前相比,有更多的人使用了双手反拍抽球技术。这种打法给没有经验和较弱的运动员增添了信心和力量。对当今网坛3种最新双手反拍抽球技术的握拍方法、发力方式、技术特点、适宜人群及现代化训练方法进行了分析,不同的网球选手应根据自身的特点选择适合自己的双手反拍抽球技术。     

攀岩运动员正反握法下肘关节等速肌力及峰力矩角度研究

采用德国Isomed2000等速肌力测试系统,通过对优秀攀岩运动员左右肘关节正反两握法下的等速向心肌力及峰力矩角度的测试与分析,探讨肘关节屈伸肌群在攀岩竞技能力发展中的作用,为科学安排专项训练及预防运动损伤提供一定的理论依据。其测试结果表明：优秀攀岩运动员肘关节屈伸峰力矩（PT）随测试速度的增大而减小,峰力矩屈伸比值随...     

对青少年“日生物节律”的探讨

采用生理指标测定法,对两组不同对象的脉搏、体温、握力等进行探讨。结果显示,下午18时,人的生物节律最明显,生理机能最强烈,物质代谢最旺盛。     

关于大球对高水平男子横拍弧圈类打法运动员技术影响的研究

为了使国球的长盛不衰,掌握大球的基本规律,笔者采用文献资料、调查访问、观察统计、数理统计、对比分析等研究方法,并通过对他们在大小球时代录像统计中的发球进行对比分析,为乒乓球教练员、运动员的训练、比赛提供参考依据。     

高校女生网球单双手握拍击球教学效果的比较研究

运用教学实验法和数理统计法,对天津师范大学初学网球的2009级女生正手双手握拍与传统单手握拍击球的教学效果进行实验和比较,通过教学对比发现,针对初学女生手臂力量差的特点,采用正手双手握拍击球能大大提高网球课的教学效果,使学生的击球更加稳定,增加学生打球的信心和兴趣,从而使学生充分体验网球这项运动的乐趣,有助于养成终身体育锻炼的习惯。     

Prophylactic effect of hot pack on symptoms of eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage of the wrist extensors

Abstract

This study investigated whether hot pack treatment could provide prophylactic effects on muscle damage induced by eccentric exercise of the wrist extensors. Twenty-eight healthy men (age 21±1 years, weight 65±16 kg, height 171±6 cm) were randomly placed into hot pack (n = 14) and control (n = 14) groups. All participants performed an exercise consisting of 300 maximal eccentric contractions of the wrist extensors of the non-dominant arm using an isokinetic dynamometer. A hot pack was applied for 20 min to the wrist extensors of the exercised arm before the exercise for the hot pack group. The control group received no treatment before the exercise. Measured variables included pain intensity assessed by a visual analogue scale and a modified Likert's scale, cold thermal pain threshold, pressure pain threshold (PPT), range of motion in active wrist flexion (ROM-AF) and extension (ROM-AE), range of motion in passive wrist flexion (ROM-PF) and extension (ROM-PE), grip strength, and wrist extension strength. Changes in these variables before, immediately after, and 1 to 8 days following the exercise were compared between groups by a two-way repeated measures ANOVA. All outcome measures from both groups (except for the cold thermal pain threshold of the hot pack group) demonstrated a significant change within the first 2–3 days following exercise. Significant differences between groups were only found at a single point in time for PPT, ROM-PF, ROM-PE and ROM-AE, and the changes were smaller for the hot pack group in comparison to the control group. These results suggest that the prophylactic effects of hot pack treatment on eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage of the wrist extensors are limited.