抗战前后:民族意识的强化与返本开新的困顿——中华民族精神的现代转型研究之四

抗战前后,随着民族危机的日益加深,中国人民的民族意识得到加强。从民族自保的角度,思想界相当一些人士对于民族传统文化的态度发生了变化。认为一个民族要延续,作为其象征的文化传统应当得以保存,并由此得出了返本开新的结论。然而,他们同样面临着自清末以来中华民族精神转型的一个悖论:即如果改变中国传统中的实用理性因素,那么新的民族精神必定是一个非传统甚至反传统的东西;如果不改变其中的实用理性因素,那么所谓民族精神的转型便是换汤不换药。正因为此,直至抗战结束,中华民族精神的现代转型并未成功。

Before and after the anti-Japanese War:the strengthening of national consciousness and the contradiction between reserving traditionalculture and establishing new national spirit——Research into the modern transformation of the spirit of the Chinese nation (Ⅳ)

Along with the gradual deepening of national crisis before and after the anti-Japanese War,the national consciousness of the Chinese people strengthened.As a result of national self-protection,the attitude of quite a number of people in the ideological circles towards the traditional culture of the nation changed,arguing that the cultural tradition as its symbol should be reserved if a nation was to continue and the conclusion of reserving traditional culture and establishing new national spirit was drawn thereby.However,they also faced a paradox in the transformation of the spirit of the Chinese nation since the late-Qin Dynasty:if the factor of pragmatic reason in Chinese tradition was changed,the new national spitit was sure to be something non-traditional or anti-traditional and if the factor of pragmatic reason was not changed,the so-called transformation of the national spirit would only be a superficial change.Therefore,the modern transformation of the spirit of the Chinese nation had not been carried out until the end of the anti-Japanese War.