制造商-供应商合作时机对创新绩效的影响

选择合适的时机与供应商建立稳定关系是提升制造商创新绩效的重要前提，但已有相关研究大多忽视合作时机这一重要因素，或简单采用二分法割裂时机阶段。为此，将制造商与供应商合作时机分为创意想法产生、技术孵化、产品开发、产品推广、商业化等阶段，以来自制造企业的472份问卷调研数据，运用多元回归法实证分析制造商与供应商合作时机对企业创新绩效的影响，并基于知识观探索技术知识新颖性与市场知识新颖性所发挥的权变作用。结果显示：（1）制造商通常在技术孵化、产品开发与产品推广阶段选择与供应商建立连接，合作时机对创新绩效的影响呈现倒“U”型关系，中期阶段与供应商建立合作更能促进制造商创新绩效提升；（2）技术知识新颖性与市场知识新颖性均对制造商与供应商合作时机和创新绩效之间的关系产生正向调节效应。因此，企业应重视与供应商合作时机的重要性，针对不同创新阶段制定差异化的供应商激活与引入策略。

The impact of manufacturer-supplier cooperation timing on innovation performance

Choosing the right time to establish a stable relationship with suppliers is an important prerequisite for improving the innovation performance of manufacturers. However, most of the existing researches ignore the important factor of cooperation timing, or simply use dichotomy to separate the timing stage. Therefore, the cooperation timing between manufacturers and suppliers is divided into the stages of creative idea generation, technology incubation, product development, product diffusion and commercialization. Based on 472 questionnaire survey data from manufacturers, this paper empirically analyzes the influence of cooperation timing between manufacturers and suppliers on enterprise innovation performance by using multiple regression method, and explores the contingency role of technological knowledge novelty and market knowledge novelty based on knowledge view. The results show that: (1) Manufacturers usually choose to establish connections with suppliers at the stages of technology incubation, product development and product diffusion, and the influence of cooperation timing on innovation performance presents an inverted U-shaped relationship. In the middle stage, the establishment of cooperation with suppliers can promote the improvement of innovation performance of manufacturers. (2) Both technical knowledge novelty and market knowledge novelty have a positive moderating effect on the relationship between manufacturer and supplier cooperation opportunity and innovation performance. Therefore, manufacturers should attach importance to the timing of cooperation with suppliers, and formulate differentiated supplier activation and introduction strategies according to different innovation stages.