女子职业篮球运动员赛前准备活动中最佳拉伸方式研究

摘要：目的：探究女子职业篮球运动员赛前准备活动中的最佳拉伸方式。方法：实验以浙江稠州银行女子篮球队15名队员为受试者。受试者先进行约8 min的一般准备活动，随后按照交叉实验设计的安排进行相应的拉伸练习，最后受试者进行约20 min的专项准备活动。分别在一般准备活动后即刻、拉伸后即刻、专项准备活动后即刻3个时间点对受试者进行坐位体前屈和反向纵跳（CMJ）的测试。结果：不同拉伸干预对CMJ跳跃高度无显著影响，但不同测试时间点的CMJ跳跃高度有显著差异；3种拉伸方式均可以显著改善受试者的坐位体前屈幅度，但3种的总体差异无统计学意义。结论：3种拉伸方式应用于女子职业篮球运动员的赛前准备活动中都能显著改善柔韧性，且均不会对爆发力造成不良影响。综合分析，本研究认为静力拉伸是女子篮球运动员赛前准备活动的最佳拉伸方式。

Optimal Stretching Way of the Warm-up Before Competitions for Female Professional Basketball Players

Abstract: Purpose: To explore the optimal stretching way of the warm-up before competitions for female professional basketball. Methods: Totally 15 female basketball players from Zhejiang Chouzhou Commercial Bank were recruited in this study. They finished 8-min warm-up firstly, and then participated in stretching exercises according to the arrangement of cross-experiment design, and finally finished 20 min specific warm-up. The subjects were tested for sit-and-reach and reverse vertical jump (CMJ) at three time points, namely, immediately after general preparation, immediately after stretching and immediately after special preparation. Results: Different stretching interventions had no significant effect on jump height of CMJ, but there was significant difference in height of CMJ jump at different test time points. All three stretching ways could significantly improve the subjects'' performance of sit-and-reach, but there was no significant difference among the three ways. Conclusions: All the three stretching ways can improve the flexibility of female professional basketball players in their warm-up before competition, and have no adverse effect on explosive force. The results show that static stretching is the best stretching method for the warm-up before competition of female basketball players.