论民事诉讼证据交换制度的原则和规则构建

最高人民法院通过《关于民事诉讼证据的若干规定》确立了我国的证据交换制度,这对于完善我国民事审判程序具有重要的意义。由于相关规定的不完善和相关制度规则化程序化的缺失,在实践中证据交换制度并未完全发挥其作用。完善民事诉讼证据交换制度,应当坚持诚信原则、当事人权利义务平等原则、当事人意思自治与法院适度干预相结合的原则。在具体规则方面,应当由案件的主审法官主持证据交换,适用证据交换的证据范围方面应当尽量宽泛并明确规定例外情形,增加证据交换的方式并根据证据种类设定不同的证据交换方式,还应构建具体的证据交换的实施规则,明确证据交换的效力和制裁方式。

Principles and Regulations of the Evidence Exchanging System in Civil Action

The Supreme People’s Court passed "Several Regulations about Civil Suit Evidence",which set up the evidence exchanging system in China.It is of great importance for the improvement of China’s judicial procedure of the civil suit.Due to the lack of corresponding laws,the system doesn’t work well in practice.The effective system requires the principle of honesty,equal right and obligation of the parties,the party’s free will and voice,and appropriate court interference.The chief judge of the case should be in charge of the evidence exchange.The scope of the evidence concerned should be as wide as possible with clearly defined excluded cases.In addition,there should be different means for evidence change with concrete regulations,the efficacy and sanctions.