马克思的审美情愫与社会理想

马克思的社会理想是有一个美学基点,此即他所认定之区别于动物的“按照美的规律来建造”的本质。这一基点植根于马克思本人的审美情愫,他的社会理想则是其审美情愫在人类翔之志向引导下升华的结晶。人类关怀促使马克思进入旨在改变世界的社会实践及理论研究领域,而审美情愫作为潜在的驱动力始终伴随和濡染其中。前者引导马克思在文艺批评方面倾斜于历史,后者则同时升华为普惠的美学理念而成为其献身目标。推进历史意味着走近美学。在新的历史条件下,文艺批评重新调整定位美学与历史这两个尺度,应当也是马克思所期待的。

Karl Marx's Aesthetic Feelings and Social Ideal

Marx's social ideal has an aesthetic starting - point, that is, the essential difference between man and beast is that man creates his world according to the laws of beauty, and this fundamental point is based on his own aesthetic feelings while his social ideal is a crystallization of his aesthetic feelings under the guidance of the aspiration of human solicitude. The human solicitude pushes Marx into the social practice aiming at changing the world and into the area of theoretical researches, and this aesthetic sentiment as a potential drive is always accompanied with and immersed in his concern about human beings . The former guides Marx to tend towards history in his critique of literature and arts while the latter is distilled into a universal aesthetic idea at the same time and becomes a goal he devotes himself to. Pushing forward history means approaching aesthetics. In new historical circumstances readjusting and reorienting the two measures of aesthetics and history in literary and artistic criticisms should also be expected by Marx.