火灾时客船在倾斜状态下最优疏散路径

客船发生火灾时,合理疏散路径的选择对避免或减小人员伤亡有重要作用.因此,在前期关于客船火灾时静态疏散路径优化研究的基础上,建立客船倾斜状态下以当量长度为基础的疏散路径优化模型.选用Dijkstra算法求解火灾区域至各逃生出口的最优疏散路径.在此基础上,进行多灾源、多出口状态船舶倾斜、拥挤对疏散路径影响的实证分析;结合IMO对客船疏散时间的规定验证疏散路径模型的合理性.结果表明:船舶倾斜对火灾状况下人员疏散路径的影响随倾斜角度的增大而增大,且纵倾影响比横倾大;船舶倾斜导致疏散路径变长,疏散时间延长.

Optimal evacuation routes on passenger ships with tilt in fire

The selection of reasonable evacuation route has great significance to avoid and reduce injuries and deaths when fire breaks out on passenger ships. Therefore, the evacuation route optimization model of passenger ships under a tilted condition is established based on the equivalent length in view of the previous research on the static evacuation route optimization on passenger ships in fire. Dijkstra algorithm is adopted to get the shortest evacuation route between the disaster area and emergency exits. On this basis, the effect of ship inclining and crowding on evacuation route is analyzed by an example under the multi fire sources and multi exit condition. Finally, the reasonableness of the evacuation route model is verified combined with the provisions of IMO on evacuation time requirement of passenger ships. The results show that effect of ship inclining on evacuation route increases with the tilt angle increasing, the trim effect on evacuation route is bigger than the heel effect, and ship tilt results in the longer evacuation route and time.