论学习困难儿童的认知策略训练

许多研究表明，学习困难儿童的主要原因在于认知策略不良。因此，教育与转化学习困难儿童，必须重视和加强认知策略的训练。首先，学习策略训练意在提高学习困难儿童学习策略使用水平，使他们形成主动的自我控制型的学习风格，有效地克服学习中的各种困难；其次，归因策略训练是针对学习困难儿童在学习成败情景中的归因倾向而设计的一种教育训练计划。通过训练增强学习困难儿童的自信心，激发他们的学习动机，达到教育的真正目的；再次，监控策略训练是学习困难儿童运用监控策略对他们的每一步认知过程进行评价与调节，最终实现满意的教育效果。

Cognitive Tactics Training of Children Having Difficulties in Learning

It is proved in the researches that the children having difficulties in their learning mainly result from poor cognitive tactics.So we must value and strengthen the training of cognitive tactics for educating and transforming these kids.First,study tactics training.The aim of this training is to develop their applying level of study tactics, to make them form the self-control study style,to overcome effectively various difficulties in study.The second,causative tactics training.This is an educational training plan which is designed against the causative tendency when these children are facing the situation of whether to succeed or to fail in learning. In order to realize the real aim of the education,we have to strenghen their confidence and arouse their motivation through this training.The third,supervision-control tactics training.In this training,the children who have difficulties in learning evaluate and adjust every step in cognition process by means of supervision-control tactics to result in a satisfactory effect of education.