环境规制的节水效应分析——基于正式环境规制与非正式环境规制的视角

为从根本缓解水资源对工业发展的束缚,反思现有环境规制政策能否有效实现节水效应。基于脱钩测度模型和面板门槛模型,分别验证正式环境规制与工业用水以及非正式环境规制与工业用水的关系,进一步引入正式与非正式环境规制的交互项进行分析。结果表明:环境规制与工业用水量处于从“震荡波动”到“持续脱钩”的状态,工业用水量随着环境规制的变化出现平稳或者减少的趋势。正式和非正式环境规制与工业用水量之间都呈倒U型曲线关系,用水库兹涅茨曲线存在。此外,正式环境规制与非正式环境规制之间存在双向传导路径,相互促进对方对工业用水的作用效果。因此,政府需要强化对非正式环境规制的重视,增强环境规制工具的节水效应,促进工业企业的转型升级。

Analysis of Water Saving Effect of Environmental Regulation: from the Perspective of Formal Environmental Regulation and Informal Environmental Regulation

In order to fundamentally alleviate the constraints of water resources on industrial development, we should reflect on whether the existing environmental regulation policies can effectively achieve the water-saving effect. Based on the decoupling measure model and the panel threshold model, the relationship between environmental regulation and industrial water use is verified from two aspects of formal environmental regulation and informal environmental regulation, and the interaction of formal and informal environmental regulation is further introduced. The results show that the environmental regulation and industrial water consumption are in the state of "oscillation" and "continuous decoupling". The trend of industrial water consumption is stable or reduced with the change of environmental regulation. The relationship between formal and informal environmental regulation and industrial water consumption is inverted U curve, and the water Kuznets curve exists. In addition, there is a two-way transmission path between formal environmental regulation and informal environmental regulation, which promotes each other"s effect on industrial water. Therefore, the government needs to strengthen the emphasis on informal environmental regulation, enhance the water-saving effect of environmental regulation tools, and promote the transformation and upgrading of industrial enterprises.