试论健身锻炼的主要原理

健身是指通过自身的运动达到增强体质的运动行为。通过4轮学校体育改革实验，总结健身原理有：依据能量代谢规律，区分两类运动的锻炼功能；依据体质的范畴，锻炼身体要全面；依据人们体质发展与需求之差异，身体锻炼宜个体化；依据心脏搏血规律，要控制生理负荷；依据超量恢复的机制，确定锻炼的频度；依据机体的适应状态，增减运动量；依据生物学“用进废退”规律，身体锻炼应持之以恒。

On the Main Principles of the Physical Training

Physical training is a kind of exercise that people get to strengthen their constitutions.Through the four cycles of experiments of the physical education reform at schools, we summerize some main principles of the physical training. The training function of the two exercises should be distingished according to the law of the energy metabolism. Generally physical training should be in an all-round way. For constitutional development or special needs, physical training should differ from person to person. Physic1Ogical load should be controlled according to the throbbing mode of the heart. The training frequency must be determined by the mechanism of the overloading recovery.The amount of exercises should be based on the person's adaptation to the training. Exercises should be ever going according to the law of biological metabolism.