从“百家争鸣”看春秋战国时期知识分子的个性解放

春秋战国时期,思想文化领域形成了诸子百家,出现了"百家争鸣"局面。这一局面的形成是与作为这一时期学术思想文化的创造主体———知识分子所获得的重大社会解放分不开的。一是知识分子从旧的宗法奴隶制的统治秩序中挣脱出来,作为一支独立的社会力量登上了历史舞台。二是知识分子从旧的宗法伦理和天命神权观念束缚下解放出来,有了强烈的主体意识和理性的自觉,开始从理性的视角重新审视社会历史和现实人生,对传统文化进行认真反思和总结,从人文关怀的原则出发,重新建构未来社会和人生的理想蓝图,从而奠定了中国古代思想文化发展的基础,在中国史上写下了不朽的篇章。

Viewing the Liberation of Individuality of the Intellectuals in the Chuqiu Zhanguo Period from the Perspective of "Contention of a Hundred Schools of Thought"

During the Chunqiu Zhanguo Period, there appeared a hundred schools of thought and formed the situation of "contention of a hundred schools of thought". The formation of such a situation cannot be disconnected with the creation main body of thoughts and culture - the significant social liberation of the intellectuals. Firstly, the intellectuals freed themselves from the old slavery system and walked up to the historical stage as an independent social force. Secondly, the intellectual set themselves free from the old ethical concepts and the papal supremacy, and they began to have the strong main body consciousness and rational individuality consciousness, and they started to reexamine from the angle of rationality the social science and the realistic life, and they made careful reflection and summary of the traditional culture, and from the principle of human care, they re-constructed the future society and the blue print of their life, and therefore, they laid the foundation of development of China's ancient thought and culture, which is an ever-lasting glory in the history of China.