孔子与霍布斯的国家理论比较研究

以孔子为代表的儒家学派对中国古代国家理论进行了一系列论述,其国家观总的发展趋势是不断从遥远的远古向现实社会拉近,其积极合理的内容最终为后代统治者所吸收,从而奠定了中国古代国家学说的基础。霍布斯是西方资产阶级革命时期最杰出的思想家之一,其代表作《利维坦》是西方近代第一部系统阐述国家学说的经典著作,在西方政治思想史上具有划时代的意义。两人虽然不是一个时代的人物,但各作为中西方政治思想代表性人物,从不同的角度论述了自己的国家观并对其后时代产生了重要影响,所以两人有很大的可比性。文章通过对二者国家理论的比较研究,从而对中西方国家理论有一个更深层次的了解。

Comparative Study on the Theory of Nation: Confucius vs. Hobbes

Confucian school,represented by Confucius,proposed a series of theories on nation in ancient China with the trend of narrowing the distance between ancient societies to realistic society.The positive thoughts have been taken by the rulers,so it is base of nation theory in China.Hobbes was one of the most prominent thinkers in western bourgeois revolution time,whose masterpiece ＂Leviathan＂ is the classic theory of nation in modern western history.Although Confucius and Hobbes are from different times,their theories on nation,from different points of view,have influenced respectively the eastern and western philosophy.By comparing their theories,a more profound understanding on eastern and western theory of nation will be achieved.