我国农村居民教育支出倾向变化及其解释

农村居民的平均教育支出倾向和边际教育支出倾向呈倒"U"形是一个值得关注的问题。与城市相比,农村平均教育支出倾向正逐步趋同,边际教育支出倾向下降更快;与东部和中部相比,西部平均教育支出倾向波动最大;与其他阶层相比,最低收入阶层平均教育支出倾向最高,但近几年下降幅度也最大。进一步研究表明,教育支出消费与投资的双重属性不平衡及影响消费和投资的要素运动,是农村居民教育支出倾向变化的主要原因,弱势地区和弱势群体面临着更大的不确定性,更弱的风险承受能力,在面对就业率下降等外部冲击时,其支出倾向下降的幅度更大,因而必须给予特别的补偿性政策。

A Research on the Propensity to Education Expenditure of the Rural Residents in China and the Explanation

Average propensity to education expenditure and marginal propensity to education expenditure of the rural residents are in conformity with the law of "inverted U".Compared with cities,the average propensity to expenditure is convergent progressively,and marginal propensity to education expenditure is declining quickly.The fluctuation range of the average propensity to expenditure is more than the west and the middle.The average propensity to expenditure of the lowest income group is higher than the other groups,but it drops the most in recent years.In addition,unbalance between consume and investment of education expenditure and the moving of consume and investment factors are the major causes of the variations of propensity to education expenditure of the rural residents.Weak regions and weak groups are faced with bigger uncertainness and weaker risk tolerance.Therefore,they must be given special compensatory policies for rapid drop of Propensity to Education Expenditure when assaulted by external factors such as the higher declining rate of the graduates’ employment.