70篇体育学元分析文献的质量评价与改进建议

目的对我国体育学元分析文献进行方法学和报告质量评价,并提出相应的建议。方法检索中国知网(CNKI)数据库中1993—2019年发表于16本中文体育类核心期刊和1本中文医学类核心期刊上的元分析文献,最后一次检索日期为2020年1月5日。由2位评价者独立筛查文献,并采用AMSTAR 2和PRISMA量表对纳入文献的方法学和报告质量进行评价。结果共纳入70篇元分析文献,年限跨度为2005—2019年,元分析文献数量逐年增加,质量逐步提高。方法学质量存在的主要问题:未说明元分析的前期方案、文献检索不够全面、未提供排除文献清单及理由、不重视纳入文献质量和偏倚风险对合并效应结果的影响、未解释选择设计类型的原因、忽视相关资金支持报告等。报告质量存在的主要问题:结构式摘要不全面、研究方法质量控制不够严谨、研究结果报告不全、讨论部分不重视偏倚风险和总结证据质量等。结论目前体育学元分析文献在方法学和报告质量上还存在不同程度的问题。建议元分析作者参考元分析的科学规范实施和撰写元分析报告;期刊可从审稿政策上加强对元分析研究的要求,学校开设元分析理论和实践课程,以提高元分析的质量和规范性。

Quality Evaluation and Improvement Suggestions of 70Meta-analysis Literatures on Sports Science

Objective To evaluate the methodology quality and report quality of meta-analysis articles published in Chinese sport core journals,and to put forward improvement suggestions.Method 16 sport core periodicals and 1 medicine core periodical were electronically searched to collect published meta-analysis papers through CNKI from 1993 to 2019.The last retrieval date was January 5,2020.Two reviewers screened the literature independently and used the AMSTAR 2 and PRISMA to evaluate the methodology and report quality of the included literature.Results A total of 70 meta-analyses were included.Both the quantity and quality of metaanalyses showed a gradual increase from 2005 to 2019.The main problems existing in methodology quality include no pre-plan of meta-analysis or a comprehensive literature search or a list of excluded documents and reasons,and no paying attention to the impact of research quality and bias risk on the results of the combined effect or the reasons for adopting a particular research design type and related funding,etc.The quality problems of the report include the partial structural summary,weak quality control of the research method and the incomplete research results,as well as the ignorance of the risk of bias and the summary of evidence on discussion part,etc.Conclusion There are still some problems in the methodology and report quality of the metaanalysis literature published in sports science.Therefore meta-analysis authors should follow AMSTAR 2,PRISMA or similar specifications.The review policy on the requirements of meta-analysis report can be issued by journals in order to improve the standard and quality of meta-analysis,and schools should offer courses on meta-analysis theory and practice.