网球发球技术系统观及合成协同训练体系研究

通过分析我国网球运动员与世界优秀运动员在发球技术环节上的差距,否定了有关发球可完全由发球者自由操控的片面发球观,首次提出应将发球视作为一个完整体系的发球系统观,指出优秀网球运动员的发球应追求合成与协调效应,具体包括:(1)从静态到动态合成和协同;(2)发球各个相关要素(学科)之间合成和协同;(3)由外在到内在合成协同. 本研究在提出了"发球系统说"的基础上,构建了网球发球合成协同训练体系:(1)优先发展协调性,统摄发球诸环节,达成发球训练合成和协同效应;(2)注重发球与下一拍技术间的衔接,实现合成协同效应;(3)纵向一体融通,发挥身体的整体能力;(4)增效节"能",升华合成协调效应;(5)形成个体最佳发球节奏.

Study on Systematic Tennis Serving Skill and Synthetic and Coordinated Training System

Analysis of the gap of tennis service skill between China's players and the world's top players indicates that the opinion that tennis service is under the server's absolute control is not true. The author puts forward for the first time the systematic service skill, namely, the service skill is a complete system and excellent players should pursue the synthetic and coordinated effect in their service. The effect includes:(1) synthesis and coor-dination from static to dynamic; ( 2 ) synthesis and coordination of various elements ( subjects ) involved in service;(3) synthesis and coordination from external to internal. Based on the above opinion, the author pro-poses a synthetic and coordinated tennis service training system which contains:(1) prioritizing coordination in the service training and make it play a dominant role in the service process;(2) attaching importance to the co-herence between service and the following action; ( 3 ) integrating the body movements along the vertical line and use the overall strength; ( 4 ) improving the synthetic and coordinated effect through maximizing the effi-ciency and minimizing the energy consumption;(5) developing individual's best service rhythm. The paper al-so points out the 6 special abilities that athletes should have if they want to achieve the above effect.