世界优秀跳远、三级跳远运动员竞技表现稳定性的对比研究

以奥运会、世界锦标赛跳远、三级跳远前8名运动员为研究对象。运用文献资料法、统计法、比较法和归纳法,对决赛过程中成功率、各轮次最优成绩的频数、有效成绩的稳定性(变异系数)等反映跳跃远度项目竞技表现过程稳定性的参数进行分析。结果表明:成功率总体趋势是逐渐下降,前3轮成功率相对高于后3轮,三级跳远的成功率普遍高于跳远的成功率;男子跳远运动员最优成绩较多的是在后3轮创造的,女子跳远运动员最优成绩大多在前3轮创造的,且统计检验的结果非常显著,男、女三级跳远运动员最优成绩多在前3轮创造;跳远运动员前8名有效成绩的平均变异系数差异不大,三级跳远前8名有效成绩的平均变异系数有一定的个体差异,但该类项目总体稳定性较好,跳远比三级跳远更为稳定。

Comparison on the Stability of Athletic Performance Expression of the Excellent Long and Triple Jumpers

The top eight long and triple jumping athletes in the Olympic Games and World Championships are the object of study.Using literature,statistical method,comparison and induction,on the triple jump final,the success rate,the frequency of sub-optimal result,effective results' stability(coefficient of variation) was analyzed.Results show that the overall trend of the success rate was declining.The success rate of the former three rounds was relatively higher than the other three rounds.Success rate of triple ju...