美国粗大动作发展测试(TGMD)解析与启示

基于测评体系应用的视角对美国粗大动作发展测试(Test of Gross Motor Development,TGMD)的产生发展背景、测量和评价系统、信效度、优缺点以及应用情况等方面开展研究,旨在促进我国儿童动作发展研究的开展。结果显示:TGMD的产生和发展具有特定的社会和学术背景;经过30年的发展,TGMD系列已经成为当前世界上应用最广泛的儿童粗大动作技能测评工具,被广泛应用的原因在于该测评体系的高度标准化。但TGMD存在着诸如指标适用性、过程性评价弊端等缺点,这需要引起使用者们的注意。文章通过对TGMD系列的解读分析,结合该测试目前在我国的应用现状,从思路和方法上提出对我国儿童动作发展研究的启示。

Analysis and Enlightenment of American Test of Gross Motor Development

Based on the perspective of applying evaluation systems,this paper conducted a research on the Test of Gross Motor Development(TGMD)in the United States,including its development background,measurement and evaluation system,reliability,advantages and disadvantages,and application to promote the research on children’s movement developmentin China.The results show that the origin and development of TGMD has a specific social and academic background;after 30 years of development,the TGMD series has become the most widely used assessment tool for children’s gross motor skills in the world for it has been highly standardized.While TGMD has shortcomings in indicator applicabilityand process evaluation,which deserve users’attention.By interpreting the TGMD series and the Chinese translation of the latest version of the scoring table,this present paper,with reference to its application situation in China,makes some enlightenment for the study on children’s movement development in China interms of both perspective and method.