负重深蹲与保加利亚蹲对冰球运动员专项移动能力影响的实验研究

目的：探讨负重深蹲练习与保加利亚蹲练习两种不同的下肢力量训练方式对冰球运动员专项移动能力的影响，并比较两种训练方式对提升冰球运动员滑行能力的差异。方法：将18名U16冰球运动员随机分为保加利亚蹲组和负重深蹲组，对其训练前后冰上30米滑行、冰上重复冲刺、8字滑行以及陆地30米跑、立定三级跳、侧跨跳、Y-Balance成绩变化进行测试。结果：两种下肢力量训练方式均可提高冰球运动员的冰上滑行能力、下肢爆发力及下肢平衡能力。在冰上滑行能力方面，保加利亚蹲组冰上重复冲刺能力提高优于负重深蹲组，具有显著性差异，冰上8字滑行速度两组间不存在显著性差异；在下肢爆发力方面，保加利亚蹲组30米冲刺跑成绩显著优于负重深蹲组。在下肢Y-Balance测试方面，两组不具有显著性差异。结论：保加利亚蹲与负重深蹲练习均可以显著提高男子U16冰球运动员的直线加速滑行能力，前者在提高重复冲刺能力方面显著优于手者，两种练习均可以提升男子U16冰球运动员的下肢爆发力与平衡能力。

An Experimental Study of Influences of Weighted Squat and Bulgarian Squat in Hockey Players' Moving Ability

This study explored into the influences of lower limb strength training methods of weighted squat and Bulgarian Squat on the specific move ability of ice hockey players,and compared the differences between the two training methods on improving the skating ability of ice hockey players. Eighteen U16 ice hockey players were randomly divided into Bulgarian Squat Group (BSG) and Squat Group (SG). Before and after training,there were 30-meter skating,repeated sprint skating,8-shape skating,30-meter sprint,standing triple jump,side jump,and Y-Balance. Both lower limb strength training methods could improve ice skating ability,lower limb explosive power and lower limb balance ability of ice hockey players. The ability of repeated sprint on ice of BSG was better than that of SG,with significant difference. There was no significant difference in 8-shape skating speed between the two groups. In terms of lower limb explosive power,the results of 30-meter sprint in the BSG improved better than that of SG. In terms of lower limb Y-Balance test,the two groups had no significant difference. It could be concluded that both Bulgarian Squat and weighted squat could significantly improve the linear acceleration ability of male U16 ice hockey players. The Bulgarian Squat was significantly better than the weighted squat for repeated sprint ability. Both Bulgarian Squat and weighted squat could significantly improve the lower limb explosive power and balance ability.