归纳推理合理性的科学哲学解释

归纳推理的合理性问题最早由体谟提出,故又称“休谟问题”。他认为归纳推理中前提的真实性不能为结论的真实性提供逻辑保证,因而是无效推理。对此问题,许多哲学家和逻辑学家从不同角度提出解决方案,但无一得到普遍承认。本文试图从科学哲学角度寻找归纳推理在逻辑学和经验科学之间的最佳结合点,并从而得出结论：归纳推理作为一动态开放的过程,其合理性一方面在于归纳前提与归纳结论之间的互动关系,另一方面则在于一般归纳现则与具体归纳推理之间的相互调节而使双方获得相对一致的过程之中。

Philosophy of Science Explanation on the Rationality of Inductive Inference

The issue of the rationality of inductive inference was first raised by David Hume, so it is also called "Hume's problem". He argued that the premise of inductive inference was not the proper logical guarantee of the authenticity of the conclusion, even though it was authentic. Many philosophers and logicians have attempted to slove the problem from various perspectives. However, none of them has been generally acceped. This thesis thinks that inductive inference cannot be regarded as a kind of groundless reasoning method, although it is not a reasoning method of necessity, and the anthenticity of its premise cannot provide a logical guarantee for the an thenticity of its conclusion.