我国乒乓球运动员的群体特征对后职业生涯发展的影响

不同的运动项目有不同的特点,这些特点对运动员后职业生涯的发展会产生或大或小的影响.以乒乓球运动员为研究对象,通过查阅文献资料、专家访谈、问卷调查等研究方法,界定了运动生涯与职业生涯的含义,分析了我国乒乓球运动员在"运动生涯"期内的群体特征,如智力、运动损伤、年龄、文化程度、职业声望等,以及这些特征可能对乒乓球运动员后职业生涯发展产生的影响.在这些分析的基础上,本文提出了若干建议:创造"终生学习"的运动队文化,提高运动员的综合素质;在运动员"运动生涯"的后期,有意识的进行职业生涯规划的教育;对即将退役的运动员进行正确的择业观教育.

The Influence of Group Characteristics on Career Development after Retirement of Table Tennis Athletes in China

The characteristics are different among each sport events and this will to some extents influence on athletes' career development after retirement. By using the methods including literature, expert interview and questionnaire, this paper studies on table tennis athletes in China, defines the sports career and professional career and analyzes group characteristics of table tennis athletes during sports career such as intelligence, sports injury, age, culture level, and professional reputation, then analyzes how these characteristics will affect table tennis athletes' career development after retirement. Based on these analysis, the research makes some suggestion, such as creating a team culture of "life-long study", improving athletes' comprehensive quality, consciously carrying on the education of career plan, helping the athletes who will retire to build up correct view of job finding soon.