农村寄宿制中小学问题的探索和反思——以内蒙古三个旗县为例

通过对内蒙古三个旗县的调研,发现目前农村寄宿制中小学存在着一些问题,如寄宿生的超负荷学习和过度管制、生活条件和心理状况不良、家庭经济负担较重;寄宿制学校教师工作负担过大,学校管理面临困境等。其原因是:未能处理好农村学校的集中与分散的关系;大多数寄宿制学校尚不具备实行寄宿制的"软硬件"条件;寄宿制学校的普遍建立影响了农村薄弱学校的发展;寄宿生的经济补助数量少、覆盖面不足等。对此,应实行农村寄宿制学校与非寄宿制学校的均衡、协调发展,寄宿制学校要超前建设,保证寄宿制学校的教育资金需要,加大寄宿生的经济补助力度、扩大覆盖面。

An Exploration into and Reflection on the Problems of Boarding Primary and Middle School in the Rural Areas:Taking Three Counties of Inner Mongolia for Example

An investigation into three counties of Inner Mongolia shows that some problems exist in the current rural boarding schools such as overburdened learning and too much control of boarding students, unhealthy living and psychological conditions, comparatively heavy financial burden on the families, overloaded teaching work and difficult school management. Reasons to explain the above problems can be summarized as follows. The relationship between the centralization and the decentralization of rural schools hasn't been dealt with well; most schools don't possess the software and hardware conditions necessary for a boarding school; the popularity of boarding schools has affected the growth of some underdeveloped rural schools; there hasn't been enough subsidy for the boarding students. To solve the above problems, we should realize the balanced and coordinated development of boarding schools and non-boarding schools, develop boarding schools in advance, ensure the educational investment into the boarding schools and provide more subsidy to the boarding students.