老舍忠孝观的文化阐释——以《四世同堂》中祁家三兄弟的形象为例

孝和忠分别作为中国传统文化中的家庭伦理观和社会伦理观，在理论层面上具有价值同一性，但在实际操作层面中二者之间却具有不可调和的矛盾。老舍在儒家伦理的基础上，主要通过塑造一个“四世同堂”的大家庭中三个兄弟的形象，阐释了自己的忠孝观：孝和忠之间的矛盾是不可调和的，但在战争的异常状态下，当家和国的命运紧密联系在一起时，国家意识的觉醒与民族凝聚力的加强，可以使二者之间的矛盾暂时消解，这是一种中庸的、体谅的忠孝观念。老舍这种体谅的忠孝观对中国当代和谐伦理文化的建构具有十分重要的启示意义。

Cultural Interpretation of Lao She's View of Loyalty and Filial Piety——A Case Study of the Three Brothers in the Qis of Lao She's Family with Four Generations

Filial piety and loyalty are respectively considered as family ethics and social ethics in Chinese traditional culture.Theoretically,the two shares the same value.However,in practice,irreconcilable conflict exists between them.Based on the Confucian ethics,Lao She expounded his view on loyalty and filial piety by portraying three brothers in the Qis in his famous work Family with Four Generations.In Lao She's opinion,though the conflict between filial piety and loyalty is irreconcilable,under abnormal circu...