Patent Toxicity |
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| Institution: | 1. Responsible Management Research Center (REMARC), Department of Economics & Management, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy;2. Responsible Management Research Center (REMARC), Department of Economics & Management, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy;3. Institute of Economics, Scuola Superiore Sant''Anna, Pisa, Italy & REMARC;4. Istituto di Ricerca Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Milan, Italy;1. UCL, CEP and IZA;2. Università degli Studi di Milano, CEP and LdA;1. Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States;2. National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA, United States;1. Durham University Business School, Ustinov College, Millhill Ln, Durham DH1 3LB, Durham, United Kingdom;2. College of Economics and Management, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 211106, China;3. Durham University Business School, Millhill Ln, Durham DH1 3LB, Durham, United Kingdom;1. Henley Business School, University of Reading, United Kingdom;2. Imperial College, University of London, United Kingdom;3. Department of Economics, Society and Politics, Carlo Bo University, Urbino, United Kingdom;1. Henley Business School, University of Reading, UK;2. Department of Economics, Society, Politics, University of Urbino, Italy;3. Gran Sasso Science Institute, Italy;4. Department of Economics, Society, Politics, University of Urbino, Italy;5. Department of Economics, University of Perugia, Italy |
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| Abstract: | A toxic-free world is one of the goals of the European Green Deal and a key objective of the World Health Organization Inter-Organization Programme for the Sound Management of Chemicals. However, although use of some toxic chemicals is being banned, others continue to be developed. We consider this motivation for a closer examination of the toxicity of chemical inventions. We combine patent analysis with computational toxicology and develop a methodological roadmap to measure patent toxicity, that is, the extent to which a patent includes “components” (or compounds) that are toxic to humans and/or the environment. To illustrate our proposed methodology, we analyse the toxicity of ten well-known hazardous chemicals and compare it against that of other groups of chemical patents. We suggest that the measurement of patent toxicity opens up interesting avenues for future research with, potentially, strong policy implications. |
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| Keywords: | Patent toxicity Computational toxicology QSAR models Chemical inventions |
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