中国竞技体育性别特征研究

采用文献资料法、数理统计法、逻辑分析法,对第23-29届奥运会中国体育代表团的成绩进行统计分析,结果显示中国竞技体育具有以下性别特征：（1）男女性的竞争实力均持续增强,且持续呈现明显的＂女强男弱＂特征。（2）男女性优势项目的类别和结构均保持稳定,但女性优势项目明显多于男性。（3）男女性优势项目成绩整体稳定性均较好,但体操项目成绩稳定性差。（4）男女性优势项目成绩整体的发展潜力均很小,成绩进一步提高将主要依赖新优势项目的拓展。（5）男女性优势项目群权重均较高,但都缺失田径、游泳2个权重最高的奥运基础战略大项。（6）男女性优势项目项群归属均以技能主导项群为主,亚项群归属均相对集中。

On the Gender Characteristics of Chinese Competitive Sports

This paper makes a statistical analysis on scores of events from 23rd to 29th Olympic Games, adopting methods of docu- mentary, statistic method and logical analysis method. The analysis shows such following gender characteristics of Chinese competi- tive sports ： （ 1 ） The competitive strengths of both male and female athletes have been developing, and the apparent ＂female superi- or to male＂ phenomenon has been continuing. （2） The items and structures of superior events of both male and female have been keeping stable, with female athletes＇advantageous events much more than those of male athletes： （3） The scores of advantageous e- vents of both male and female athletes＇keep stable as a whole, except those of the dominant advantageous event： gymnastics. （4） There is little potential in improving cores of those strong track events of both male and female. Scores improving mainly depends on establishing and expanding new advantageous events. （5） Though the weights of strong track events of both male and female are high as a whole, the two highest weights of track and field and swimming are needed, which are two big Olympic strategic events. （6） The structures of advantageous events of both male and female are technique oriented events as the major part, and the owners of sub - item groups are relatively concentrated.