新高考“3+1+2”模式的一种关照:江苏“2008方案”及实践分析

江苏高考“2008方案”的基本设计为“3+学业水平考试+综合素质评价”。作为一种“两依据，一参考”的招生评价模式，江苏“2008方案”的改革理想包括彰显“选择性”教育理念，改变高考“一考定终身”弊端，破除“唯分数论”，淡化“分分计较”观念，减轻考试压力等。其实践困境则包括:“弃理选文”的功利主义选科问题；基于高考成绩计算方式的“分分计较”与区分度问题；“高分低等”考生的录取难题；学生科学素养下降与高校人才培养难题；考生考试压力问题及综合素质评价等方面。江苏“2008方案”改革经验，可以为当前新一轮高考综合改革提供有益启示。

“3+1+2” College Entrance Examination: a Case Study of Jiangsu 2008 Scheme

The Jiangsu 2008 College Entrance Examination Scheme is designated to be "3 courses + academic proficiency test + comprehensive quality assessments" in a "two basis plus one reference" admissions evaluation model, in an attempt to highlight the selective educational ideas, eliminate the disadvantage of "one test for fate"and "fractional doctrine",to dismount students’ pressure. However, such practical predicaments exist as utilitarian give-up of science and choice of liberal arts, doctrine and vagueness of scores, dilemma in high-score-low-rank examinees’ admission, decline of students’ scientific literacy and hurdles in college education, examinees’ mounted pressure and difficulties in students’ comprehensive quality evaluation, etc. This article insists that the 10-year reform experience of Jiangsu 2008 College entrance examination scheme is helpful to the new round of college entrance examination restructure.