中国足协行政性垄断的法律规制

中国足协的改革不仅是整个国家结构性改革背景下的有益尝试，而且是行业改革特别是去行政化改革的排头兵，是而具有重大意义。考察中国足协的发展，其因体制转轨倒逼政府职能转移、法律授权造成自治权过大而形成了行政性垄断地位，自觉或不自觉地实施了强制交易、地区封锁、强制经营者限制竞争等垄断行为，排除、限制了足球市场竞争。面对足协法律规制的"内忧外患"，应区分足协行政性垄断之行为的抽象和具体特征而进行"施治"。针对足协抽象行政性垄断行为，可通过竞争机制与竞争政策的结合、竞争机制的实体和程序的规范、足协章程效力和内容的明确等方式予以规制；针对足协具体行政性垄断行为，可采取体制转轨下的政会分离、转变足协身份以实现其独立、破除利益藩篱与遵循市场规律、建立类竞争法的行业法、完善多机构执法协调机制、明确足协可诉地位等措施进行规制。

Legal Regulation of Administrative Monopoly of Chinese Football Association

The reform of the Chinese Football Association is not only a useful attempt in the context of the structural reform of the whole country, but also the vanguard of the reform of the industry, especially of the administrative reform. The Chinese Football Association has formed an administrative monopoly position, consciously or unconsciously implemented a restricted transaction, regional blockade, forced operators to restrict competition and other monopolistic acts, eliminating and limiting the football market competition. Faced with the internal and external problems of laws and regulations of the Football Association, measures should be taken according to the abstraction and specific characteristics of the administrative monopoly of the Football Association. For the abstract administrative monopoly, regulations could be done in the following way:(i) the Combination of Competition Mechanism and Competition Policy;(ii) The specification of the competition mechanism of entities and procedures, (iii) the definitude of effectiveness and content of football Association charter. For the specific administrative monopoly behavior of the Football Association, we can take the political separation under the institutional transition, change the identity of the Football Association to achieve its independence, break the barriers and follow the rules of the market, the establishment of competition law industry law, improve the multi-agency law enforcement coordination mechanism, Football Association can respond to the status of other measures to regulate.