开放内容许可及其对数字文化产品共享效果的影响

目的/意义] 传统版权保护（ARR）模式在数字文化产品传播过程中越来越受到挑战，本文旨在分析和检验开放内容许可（OCL）对数字文化产品共享效果的影响，探索有利于文化产品创新和数字资源共享的新途径。方法/过程] 分析开放内容许可及其在合法分享中的应用问题，以开放音乐为例，提出影响数字音乐传播与共享的研究模型。利用SoundCloud开放音乐分享平台数据，采用对比分析法将样本按照共享模式分为ARR组和OCL组，提取下载频次和播放频次两个测量共享效果的变量，并对样本数据进行统计分析。结果/结论] 统计结果显示：无论是下载频次，还是播放频次，OCL作品都显著超过ARR作品。相比仅采用版权保护，开放内容许可更有利于数字文化产品的传播与共享。OCL是目前解决非法分享、激励文化创新和促进数字资源共享的有效途径。

Impact of Open Content Licensing on the Sharing Effect of Digital Cultural Goods

Purpose/significance] Traditional copyright mechanism (ARR) is confronted with challenges in delivering digital cultural products. This paper intends to analyse and examine the impact of open content licensing (OCL) on the sharing effect of digital cultural goods, and explore new way of benefiting both cultural products innovation and digital resources sharing. Method/process] This paper analyses open content licenses as well as their application problems in the process of legal sharing, and establishes a research model of impact factors on the distribution of digital music. Then it takes SoundCloud, an open music sharing platform, as data sources, divides the samples into two groups ARR and OCL according to their sharing type by using comparison method, extracts two variables-play frequency and download frequency-as indicators of sharing effect, and statistically analyses the sample data. Result/conclusion] The results show that OCL group is significantly better than ARR group in both aspects of download frequency and playback frequency. Open content licensing is more beneficial to the distribution and sharing of digital cultural goods than copyright protection only. OCL will be an effective way of solving current illegal sharing problems, encouraging cultural innovation and promoting digital resources sharing.