游泳赛前生理生化指标的变化所引发的对赛前训练安排的思考

以上海游泳队参加2001年全运会预选赛的中短距离游泳运动员为研究对象,在赛前四周测试全部参赛运动员的血清睾酮、血色素、白细胞和尿素氮,以及某些运动员训练过程中主要手段的血乳酸值和周一尿素氮恢复值的变化,同时,记录教练员在这四周过程中平均周运动量的变化.结果发现,运动员在调量的第1～2周血清睾酮、血色素出现明显下降,而尿素氮出现明显升高,这预示了运动员在调量初期身体状况处于非常不稳定的阶段,从而造成了调量后较难形成良好的竞技状态.

Consideration on Changes of Physiological and Biochemical Indexes in Pre-competition of Swimming

This study adopted swimming athletes who participated in the short-distance swimming competition in the National Competition in 2001.The level of serum testosterone,haemoglobin,leucocyte,and carbamide within four weeks before the competition were measured.Meanwhile the changes of blood lactic acid level and weekly carbamide recovery were tested.Special attention on changes of weekly training intensity arrangement was drawn.The results showed that the level of serum testosterone,haemoglobin in the first and second week dropped remarkably,while the level of carbamide rose.This illustrated that the bodily function of athletes is in an unstable period,which is likely to result in insufficient competition level after the exercise recovery.