论《史记》的细节描写

细节描写是《史记》人物传记创作取得成功的重要艺术手段之一,它的效用三：以小见大,预示人物性格的发展趋势;画龙点睛,突出人物性格的主要特征;对比烘托,以乙衬甲,展现人物与众不同的独特个性。《史记》人物传记撰写有史笔、文笔之别,史笔录实,文笔拟虚;细节描写性质上属评议笔范畴,是作者司马迁在积累史实资料、掌握传闻信息基础上“遥体人情,悬想事势”的创作结晶,达到了艺术真实与历史真实的有机统一。

On the Detailed Description in Records of the Historian

Detailed description is one of the important artistic means which SIMA Qian employs in his great writing Records of the Historian.Its function is shown chiefly in three ways.First,it shows the figure's major features through p ortraying his minor aspects and therefore predicts the developing tendency of hi s character.Secondly,it brings out the crucial point through adding a word or tw o and hence hightlight the figure's dominant character.Thirdly,it sets one off t hrough contrast between two figures and therefore presents his unique character. There are two different kinds of writing in Records of the Historian:historical writing and fictional writing.Detailed description,falling in the category of fi ctional writing,is the result that the author,on the basis of historical documen ts and of legends,makes a reasonable analysis and judgement of the figure's feel ing and of the state of affairs.It makes the text an organic whole by combining the artistic truth with historical truth. [