论文学

文学是个非常古老的精神活动、精神形式,但人们对它既熟悉又陌生,熟知却未必真知。加上西方20世纪80年代发生了文学的＂文化转向＂后,文学的疆界变得无限开阔,而其自身的界定也面临空前的危机。因此,对＂文学是什么＂的回答就成了一个迫切的学术问题。而此前的＂形象论＂、＂表现论＂和＂审美意识形态论＂文学观都存在着严重不足,故而需要另辟蹊径,再进行新的界定。新的结论是：从其本源上看,文学是一种高级的魅态文化形式;从其历史面貌上看,文学是个历史性的家族,表现为文学观、特征论、形式定位、流派形态,同时还呈现为杂化和纯化的周期性变奏;从本质的抽象定义看,文学则是象征性的语言艺术,它不以科学和实用为目的,而以想象性超越和诗性的解放为旨归。中国当代文学的致命危机就是＂象征性＂传统谱系的断裂。

On Literature

Literature is a long standing spiritual activity and form,but people are both familiar and unfamiliar to it,they know it well but may not have genuine knowledge about it.With the ＂diversion of culture＂ in literature in the West in 1980s,the realm of literature has become infinitely broad,while its definition has been facing unprecedented crisis.Therefore,the answer to ＂What is literature？＂ has become a pressing academic problem.The previous literature conceptions of ＂Image Theory＂,＂Expressive Theory＂ and ＂Aesthetic Ideology Theory＂ are far from being adequate.A new approach should be adopted for its new definition.The new conclusion is that viewing from its origin,literature is an advanced spiritually cultural form;from its historical features,it belongs to historic family,bearing literature concepts,feature theory,form orientations,and school forms,presenting a periodical variation of hybridization and purification;from Abstract definition of its essence,literature is an art of symbolic language,its purpose is not being scientific and practical,but imaginary transcendence and poetic emancipation.The fatal crisis in China＇s contemporary literature lies in the breakage of ＂symbolic＂ tradition.