卡尔维诺《寒冬夜行人》的"主题"

意大利当代小说家卡尔维诺对小说“主题”的高度自觉表现在两个方面:主题的多样性,它反映了作家对主题丰富、主题的层次或主题间关系紧密、“百科全书”式的小说的自觉追求;主题的“开放性”或“延伸性,”它是作家对“不确定性”、“可能性”的确认。这一自觉反映出作家的小说观念,即将“轻”视为以哲学和科学为依据的观察世界的方式,以“轻”载“重”(探寻解释世界、建立秩序的“可能”,(以“轻”化“重”(涵纳诸种“可能性”)。

The themes of If On a Winter's night a Traveler

The Italian contemporary novelist Calvino's high consciousness on novel themes displayed in two aspects: First,the varieties of theme,which reflect the writer's consciously pursuit for novels with rich theme,close relative themes or levels of themes and the encyclopedic style.Second,the opening extensibility of theme,which is the writer's affirmation of uncertainty and possibility.The consciousness reflects the writer's novel idea,which regards lightness as a way of observating world based on the philosophy and science.Also the writer takes the hold of heaviness by the using of lightness for the sake of seeking the possibility of explaining the world and establishing orders.The consciousness reflects that Calvino want to melt heaviness with lightness,in other word,the writer attempt to put all kinds of possibilities into text.