自然灾害型景观游客体验的感知差异分析

自然灾害型景观的游客体验能够为此类资源的旅游开发和管理提供一定的理论借鉴。本文运用探索性因子分析判定北川地震景观游客体验维度,同时揭示了游客体验整体均值的时空差异,并利用非参数检验揭示其社会属性和空间差异,相关研究结论可以为灾害型景观资源管理及其可持续利用提供一定的借鉴作用。研究结果显示：①自然灾害型景观游客体验可从情感和认知两方面解释,具体包括道德型、个人型、教育型以及学习型体验;②同情等道德体验是自然灾害型景观游客体验的主基调,且并未因游客性别、职业和受教育程度等影响产生组别间的差异性,一定程度上说明游客受灾害型景观的影响更易产生情感体验,且不同组别和不同客源地的游客对教育型体验相关选项均给予较高的赋值;③自然灾害型景观游客体验存在时空差异,情感和认知体验均随时间产生了一定的变化,且灾害发生地（四川）游客有着更为强烈的情感和认知认同,其中除个人型体验外,四川省内样本中各维度灾害型景观体验均值高于非四川游客,且个人型和教育型体验在受教育程度上呈现出一定的区域差异,而学习型体验分别在性别和受教育程度上存在显著的地域差异性。

Differences in tourists’ experiences of post-disaster landscapes

Tourists' experiences of the landscapes after natural disaster can provide some theoretical references to exploit and manage such tourism resources. Here,we measured dimensions of tourists’ experiences and differences for Beichuan earthquake relics empirically. Demographic and regional differences in tourist experiences were also explored using non-parametric tests to provide some references for the management of tourism resources related to disaster or death. We found that dark tourist experiences can be understood from emotional and cognitive experiences,containing experiences of morality,person,education and knowledge. According to human-land relationships,post-disaster tourism destinations may evoke moral experiences in which feelings of sympathy are the main theme. The gender,profession and education of tourists did not influence their moral experience. In some senses,tourists are affected by disaster landscapes and more likely to generate emotional experiences （judging from mean value）. There are certain temporal and regional differences in the tourist experience of post-disaster destinations and both emotional and cognitive experiences show changes over time. Tourists coming from Sichuan province have a more intense emotional and cognitive identity with the post-disaster tourism destination. In addition to personal experience,the landscape experience of people from Sichuan was higher than for people from outside Sichuan. Certain regional differences exist among tourists with different levels of education regarding personal and educational experience. Significant regional differences in learning experience are represented among tourists who have different levels of gender and level of education.