从咏鹅诗看基督精神对杜甫潜移默化的影响

杜甫是伟大的诗人,他属于中国,更属于世界。杜甫一生中创作了大量的表现重大历史题材的现实主义诗篇,然而他也创作了一些闲适诗,其中有五首提及鹅。杜甫的咏鹅诗以诗人自身为吟咏对象的显现场所。这一现象启迪我们去追问杜甫咏鹅诗的本质,这些作品产生的原因,以及它们对真理的关系。海德格尔关于作品与真理关系的论述,为我们认识杜甫的咏鹅诗,提供了一个参照系。从杜甫的咏鹅诗出发,我们可以进而更好地把握杜甫民生诗篇的本质,因而二者在本质上是一致的,它们都是对生命本真状态的关注。杜甫的诗歌创作之所以达到了世界一流水准,与他所生活的时代和生存的境况均有关系。作为唐朝国教之一的基督宗教对杜甫有着潜移作用,以至于他无须变更自己的话语体系就接纳了基督精神。杜甫长期面临的生存压力使得他的思维异常地敏感,以至于在基督精神的推动下他关注到了自身、周边生存物以及宇宙中的其他生命个体。杜甫诗歌这一基本品格使得杜诗具有恒久的认识价值与审美价值。杜诗的认识价值使人们认为它值得一读且百读不厌。

Imperceptible Influence of the Christian Spirit on Du Fu in His Poems on Geese

Du Fu is a great poet of China and of the world. He wrote a great number of realistic poems that reflected major events of the history and poems of leisure all his life, five of which are on geese. The best poems on geese by Du Fu are that the poet took himself as a target, which inspires us to seek the essence of his poems on geese, the reasons why the poems were written, and the relationship bwtween the poems and the truth. Martin Heidegger＇ s discussion on the relationship between the poems and the truth has provided us with a frame of reference for a better understanding of Du Fu＇ s poems on geese. It is a better way than ever to grasp the essence of Du Fu＇ s poems on people＇ s livelihood from a careful study of his poems on geese, as the two kinds of poems are the same in nature and show equal concern for the true state of life. The reason why Du Fu＇ s poetry reaches the top level of the world lies nowhere but in his times and living context. Christianity, as a state religion of Tang Dynasty, had an imperceptible influence to Du Fu that he absorbed the Christian spirit without change the system of his own discourse. That Du Fu had been under a great pressure of how to live on made him highly sensitive and allowed him, motivated by the Christian spirit, to concern for the existential state of his own, of the creatures around him, and of many other living individuals in the universe. This is the basic quality of Du Fu＇ s poetry, which endows Du Fu＇ s poetry with an eternal value cognitive and aesthetical. The cognitive value of Du Fu＇ s poetry enables people to see it is worth reading, and, people would never get tired of reading Du Fu＇ s poetry for its aesthetical value.