“不会不”与“一定”

＂不会不＂和＂一定＂的情态义与主语人称密切相关。主语是第一人称时,＂不会不＂和＂一定＂一般表示道义情态保证],但＂不会不＂也可表示认识情态盖然]。主语是第二、三人称时,＂一定＂一般表示认识情态必然],＂不会不＂表示认识情态盖然],但主语是第三人称时,＂一定＂有时也可表示道义情态要求]。句法方面,＂一定＂能跟述补短语搭配,而＂不会不＂不能,原因在于＂不会不＂的双重否定结构特点。句子类型方面,＂不会不＂出现在假设句中,经常表示委婉的请求或者问询,在疑问句中,＂不会不＂表示委婉的揣度或问询,而＂一定＂则没有这些语用特点。

＂Buhuibu＂ and ＂Yiding＂

The subject＇s person is closely related with the modality meaning of ＂ buhuibu＂ and ＂ yiding＂. When the subject of a sentence is the first person, ＂ buhuibu＂ and ＂ yiding＂ mean deontic modal meaning ＂ guarantee＂ in general,but ＂ buhuibu＂ also means epistemic modal meaning ＂ probable＂. When the subject of a sentence is the second and third person, ＂ yiding＂ means epistemic modal meaning ＂ inevitable＂ in general; ＂ buhuibu＂ always means epistemic modal meaning ＂ probable＂. However,when the subject of a sentence is the third person,sometimes ＂ yiding＂ has deontic modal meaning of ＂ require＂. In the syntax, ＂ yiding＂ can match verb- complement phrase,but ＂ buhuibu＂ can＇t. The double negation structure of ＂ buhuibu＂ results in differences in the syntax. In the aspect of sentence category,when ＂ buhuibu＂ appears in a hypothetical clause,it means euphemistic request or inquiry. In questions, ＂ buhuibu＂ means euphemistic inquiry,while ＂ Yiding＂ doesn＇t have these pragmatic features.