鸦片战争前夕荷兰“具结”考

荷兰作为较早与中国通商关系的国家之一，在林则徐广东禁烟期间，是否遵式具结、进口贸易，少有明确记载。笔考证发现荷兰总管、商人、商船均未遵式具结、进口中贸易。原因主要在于中荷贸易规模小，中国政府对荷的压制，荷兰人对林则徐禁烟政策的恐惧、不满以及不敢得罪英国等。

Study of the Netherlands' "Recognizance" Before the Opium War

There are few historical records of whether the Netherlands, as one of the countries that have traderelations with China early, acts in accordance with recognizances to trade with China during the period when LinZeixu prohibits opium in Guangdong. This writer discovers through research that neither the general director, normerchants, nor merchant ships of the Netherlands comply with recognizances. It is so because of the small scale ofSino-Netherlandish trade, suppression of the Netherlands by the Chinese government, Netherlanders' fear of anddiscontent with Lin Zeixu's opium-prohibiting policies and daring not of fend the British.