中国运动员备战2008年北京奥运会的心理服务

通过对中国运动员备战2008年北京奥运会心理服务的过程与内涵进行调查,旨在揭示出举国体制下备战奥运会心理服务的现有规律和特征。采用内容分析的质的方法对15位参与第29届奥运会备战的运动心理咨询师的访谈文本进行了分析,结果发现了6个概括性维度,即举国体制对心理服务的影响,奥运会的主场应对,心理服务的理念和原则,心理服务的过程,心理服务的内容和形式,心理服务的评估。举国体制强化了主场条件下心理服务的有效性,体现在组织专家下队,集中资源服务,开创新颖手段,采用团队合作,以及将心理服务渗透到运动队的技战术训练之中。

Psychological Preparation of Chinese Athletes for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games

This qualitative study aimed at examining the process and content of such professional services,including principle,organization,content and evaluation,as well as revealing the services structure and features preparing for Olympic Games under the Whole-Nation system.Specific socio-cultural elements embedded in the service delivery were also revealed and explored.The qualitative data from fifteen Chinese sport psychology consultants who had delivered psychological services for the 2008 Olympic teams were analyzed through a process of inductive content analysis following the decision-making heuristic guidelines,finally six general dimensions,namely,1) the influence of the Whole-Nation system(Chinese sport system) on the service;2) the home effect coping of Olympic Games;3) the service principle;4) the service process;5) the service content and approach;and 6) the evaluation on the effectiveness of the service.The Whole-Nation system,as structural basis,strengthened the effectiveness of psychological services provided in home environment,which can be observed as formation of sport psychology consultant team,effective centralization and allocation of resources,innovative work approach,successful teamwork and blending of psychological service into technical and tactical training.