海水养殖生物资源的基础研究与重点领域

海洋生物资源的开发与利用是蓝色农业的主战场，海水养殖是海洋蓝色农业的优势产业。进入本世纪以来，我国海水养殖生物资源研究的重点将着眼于资源的高效利用和环境友好地可持续发展，努力推动我国从世界海水养殖大国向世界海水养殖强国的跨越式发展，把生物资源和基因资源的研究和利用有机结合，创造环境和谐、资源可持续利用的海洋生物资源开发新局面。本文围绕海水养殖生物资源的可持续开发利用、就海水养殖生物的遗传改良与新品种培育、海水养殖生物的免疫与疾病控制、海水养殖生态环境评估与健康养殖技术，以及设施养殖渔业四个方面的研究现状、发展战略与目标和重点研究方向进行了论述，对有关基础研究及其重点领域提出了具体建议。

THE BASIC RESEARCH AND THE KEY POINTS OF MARICULTURAL BIO-RESOURCES

The exploitation and utilization of marine biological resources are the central tasks of blue-agriculture, while mariculture is the dominant industry in marine economy development. In the early period of new millennium, the emphasis of marine bio-resource researches in China should be placed on highly efficient utilization and environmental friendly sustainable development, making great efforts to promote China to stride over from a big mariculture country to a mighty mariculture country in the world, harmonically combining the exploitation and utilization of marine bio-resources and those of marine gene resources, and opening up a new prospects characterized by environmental-friendly and sustainable utilization of marine bio-resources. This paper deals with the present research status, developmental strategy and objectives, and important research aspects of genetic improvement and new variety breeding, vaccination and disease control of maricultural organisms, technologies used for eco-environmental assessment and healthy cultivation, and protected maricultures. Suggestions were also presented on basic sciences and its key points of above mentioned research fields.