冬奥会项目发展的基本规律及项目改革研究

以历届冬奥会项目设置情况为研究的突破口,采用文献资料法、比较法、数理统计法及逻辑分析等方法对冬奥会项目发展的规律进行探究,并提出冬奥会的改革建议.研究发现,从历届冬季奥林匹克运动会项目的设置规律来看,其项目设置明显存在着一定的不合理性,冬奥会比赛项目中的运动大项和运动小项的增长速度存在着不均衡性,冰上项目与雪上项目的设置比例急需调整优化,男、女项目的比例也存在较大的优化空间.冬奥会项目设置应重视项目准入的标准化,体现项目内容的均衡性,凸显项目文化的多元化、国际化及代表性,兼顾项目形式的观赏性,注重项目推广的可行性,吸引更多的亚洲、非洲及大洋洲国家参与,同时中国民族传统体育项目的加入,将更加促进冬奥会的和谐发展.

Basic Rules and Reform Research on the Event Development of Winter Olympic Games

Taking previous program setting of the Winter Olympics as a breakthrough, the method of literature, comparation, data statistics and logical analysis and other methods are used to study the developing rule, and put forward reforming suggestions of Winter Olympics. The research found that it exists a certain irrationality from the rule of setting events in all previous Winter Olympic, the growth speed of major terms and minor terms in Winter Olympics is unbalanced, the setting proportion of ice events and snow events need to be optimized, the proportion of male and female exists a large space to be optimized. The event setting of Winter Olympics should be paid attention to the standardization of project access, showing the balance of contens, highlighting the cultural diversification, international and representative, and giving consideration to ornamental of events forms, pay attenton to the feasibility of promoting the events, attract more Asian, African and Oceanian country to join in, meanwhile with Chinese traditional sport events joining, it will promote the harmonious development for Winter Olympics.