1+X证书制度下“三教”改革:意蕴、困境与突破

1+X证书制度下的“三教”改革,是落实1+X证书制度、深化人才培养模式改革的核心内容,意在解决“谁来教”“教什么”“如何教”的问题,蕴在职业教育类型说,旨在培养高素质复合型技术技能人才,重在“书证融通”模式构建。基于教师面向1+X证书制度的胜任力不足、教材缺乏面向职业技能等级证书标准的转化、教法缺乏基于育训结合的教学设计和实践,职业院校应立足产业和教育信息技术前沿,重塑“三教”,即:教师改革,从数字化能力切入,打造新“双师型”教学团队;教材改革,从产业APP切入,建设立体化教材;教法改革,从应用场景切入,推行理实一体化混合式教学模式。

Implication,Dilemma and Breakthrough for the “Three Reforms of Teachers,Teaching Materials and Teaching Methods” under 1+X Certificate System

The“three reforms of teachers,teaching materials and teaching methods”under 1+X certificate system is the core content of implementing 1+X certificate system and deepening the reform of talent training model,aiming to solve the problems of“who to teach”,“what to teach”and“how to teach”.It is implied in the theory of vocational education type,aiming to cultivate high-quality compound technical and skilled talents,focusing on the construction of“curriculum certificate integration”model.Based on the insufficient competence of teachers for 1+X certificate system,the lack of conversion of teaching materials for vocational skill level certificate standards,and the lack of teaching design and practice with the combination of education and training,vocational colleges should reshape the“teachers,teaching materials and teaching methods”based on the forefront of industrial and educational information technology,namely,teachers reform,which starts from the digital capability to create a new“double-qualified”teaching team;teaching material reform,which starts from the industrial APP to build three-dimensional teaching materials;teaching method reform,which starts from the application scene to implement a mixed teaching model that integrates theory and practice.