泛在技术环境下教学体验与教师角色

随着3G技术、人工智能和云计算等关键技术的快速发展，泛在技术开始出现在多种教育场景中。然而目前国内关于泛在学习的研究，还主要集中在基本理论、技术支持、环境构建、资源服务设计以及标准规范等问题，对泛在技术在教学应用方面的研究还不太突出。深化泛在技术的具体教学应用和实践，对泛在学习研究由理论走向实践，并向教育应用纵深发展具有积极的意义。泛在技术环境下教学系统的各个要素及其关系与传统教学环境存在着内在属性的差异，需要教育实践者亲身体察。华中师范大学教育技术学62名研究生，从体验的视角，在无线网络和笔记本电脑终端构建的学习环境中，探究泛在技术环境下的学习方式、教学交互、课堂参与以及教师角色。研究发现：在泛在技术环境下，学习者以问题为中心，选择自主探究和学习共同体协作为主的方式，进行以人为本的多维互动，其整体参与度呈现多波峰的波浪式变化规律，而个体则以显性参与为主，参与体验的终端数对学生的深层参与影响较大。同时，泛在技术对教师能力提出了更高要求，强化了教师作用，教师转变为集教学组织、引导、帮助和评价于一身的多元角色。但是为了形成平等、互助、协商的学习氛围，教师需适度参与学习者互动。

Research on Data Visualization Technology in Teaching and Learning

With the popularization and development of information technology in the educational field, there have been great improvements in producing and obtaining information. It becomes an urgent issue for education researchers to understand how to analyze massive amount of data so as to support in-depth learning and how to better present teaching content and optimize teaching processes with information technology. Thus, data mining and data visualization technology are becoming the focus of educational scholars and experts. Data visualization technology has been evolving constantly, covering not only the field of scientific visualization and information visualization, but also part of knowledge visualization. Data Visualization is achieved through the processes of acquisition, analyzing, filtering, mining, presentation, modification and interaction, taking into account the aesthetic aspect of presentation and functional needs, assuming the features of visualization, association., artistry and interaetivity. Common data visualization tools include VisualEyes, Google Trends and Many Eyes. With the help of data visualization technology, teachers can provide students with visual presentation of knowledge, keep pace with learners＂ conditions, and optimize classroom teaching, instructional interventions and evaluation. Students can make self-assessments to discover their learning problems. Data visualization can also help students to build their knowledge framework and the association system, and promote knowledge representation and internalization. Teaching managers can monitor teachers＂ teaching effects and students＂ learning feedback, and adjust in time the objectives, methods and strategies of teaching management.