我国基本国策的内容及渊源

基本国策是国家规范全国范围内较长时期行为的总政策和在某一基本领域所实行的主要政策,在政策体系中处于最高层次,对国民经济和社会发展具有重要作用。但对我国目前到底有多少基本国策,其出处及以何种形式体现等问题,说法众多,并无一致的认识,造成了理论研究和实际使用中的混乱。经查证相关资料,我国基本国策的渊源和体现形式主要有以法律形式确定、以党的代表大会报告形式确定、以政府工作报告形式确定、以计划纲要形式确定、以政府白皮书形式确定、以政府规章形式确定和以领导人讲话形式确定等多种形式。其内容主要有计划生育、对外开放、保护耕地、长治久安、环境保护、一国两制(和平统一)、男女平等、保护资源和水土保持等九项内容。

Contents and Origin of China's Basic National Policy

Basic national policy is a general policy which comparatively lasts a long period and it is also a major policy that takes effects in a certain fundamental area. It runs as the highest level in the politic system and plays a key role in national economy and social development. But no agreement has been reached as to its contents, forms and origins, which results in chaos in theoretical study and practical use. Relevant information verifies that the origins and the forms of China＇s basic national policy are mainly determined by law, the work reports of Party＇ s congress and the government, the government＇s plans and White Paper and regulations, and leaders＇ speeches, etc.. Its main contents cover family planning, opening to the outside world, protection of arable land, long-term stability, environmental protection, ＂one country, two systems＂ （peaceful reunification）, genders equality, natural resources protection, soil and water conservations,etc..