运动对疫苗免疫应答影响的研究进展

对近20年来国内外有关运动干预影响疫苗接种后免疫应答的效应、机制进行系统分析,结果发现:在疫苗接种前或疫苗接种后进行急、慢性运动干预,可促进机体免疫系统对疫苗产生更好免疫应答反应,使疫苗接种后的抗体滴度水平更高,提升速度更快,且对宿主的免疫保护作用更持久,尤其是在年老、体弱、多病和女性人群中效果更明显,同时还可减轻疫苗接种后产生的不良反应,其机制与运动能够加快血液循环、增加循环血液中的白细胞数量、改变组织中细胞因子或趋化因子含量和淋巴循环,以及运动引起肌纤维微细损伤造成的炎性环境有关。研究结论对当前全球人口正在进行的新冠肺炎疫苗接种具有启示性意义。

The research progress on the influence of exercise on vaccine immune response

In order to systematically analyze and explore the effects and mechanisms of domestic and foreign sports interventions on the immune response after vaccination in the past 20 years, the results find that acute and chronic exercise interventions before or after vaccination can promote the body’s immune system to produce a better immune response to the vaccine, make the titer of the antibody higher after vaccination, and increase faster, as well as have a longer-lasting immune protection effect on the host, especially in the elderly, frail, sick and female populations. At the same time, it can also alleviate the adverse reactions of vaccination. Its mechanism was related to inflammatory environment caused by exercise that can speed up blood circulation, increase the number of white blood cells in the circulating blood, change the content of cytokines or chemokines in the tissues and lymphatic circulation, as well as exercises that cause fine muscle fiber damage. The conclusions are beneficial to understand and participate in the current COVID-19 vaccination for the global population nowadays.