关于考试本质要素的思考

“考什么”和“怎么考”从考试出现开始，就成为考试这种评价方式的本质要素，它们往往影响着培养目标和课程的确立，影响着着教师的教与学生的学。由于各时代对人才的评判标准不同，考试本质要素也随着社会的变迁而发生变化。探寻不同社会背景下考试本质要素的变革历程，对于我们理解和开展当前教育改革具有重要的借鉴意义。

Review and Realistic Reflection on the Essential Elements of Examination

From the very beginning of examination, such problems as What to examine and How to examine have become the essential elements of examination---one form of evaluation on students, which often influence the cultivating targets, the establishment of curricula, teachers＂ teaching and students＂ learning. Due to different evaluation criteria, the key elements of examination vary from time to time. To explore the transformation process under different social backgrounds will help us understand and reform the present education ＂system in China in a better way.