六种葱属植物核型研究

 葱属粗根组和根茎组6种11个居群的染色体数目和核型的研究结果如下:A．cyathophorum: 2n=2x=16=12m+4sm(2SAT)。A．przewalskianum:西藏察雅和四川理县居群分别为2n=4x=32 =28m+4st(2SAT)and 2n=4x=32=28m+2sm+2st(2SAT)。A． polyrhizum :2n=2x=20m+8sm+ 4t(2SAT)。A．mongolicum:2n=2x=16=14m+2st(2SAT)。A.senescens:朝鲜郁陵岛和中国内蒙古 科尔沁左翼后旗居群分别为2n=4x=32=28m+2sm+2st(2SAT)and 2n=4x=32=24m+4sm+4st (2SAT)。A．tuberosum:所研究的四个居群中，山西永济居群为二倍体，2n=2x=16=14m=2st (2SAT)，另三个分别来自四川的理县、汶川玉龙和成都三瓦窑的居群均为四倍体，2n=4x=32=28m +4st(2SAT)。A．przewalskianum，A．polyrhizum and A.  mongolicum的核型为首次报道；并首次 在中国发现了A．tuberosum的野生二倍体居群。此外，还讨论了栽培韭的起源以及A．cyathophorum，A．przewalskianum和A.  senescens种内居群间的核型分化问题。

Karyotypical Studies of Six Species on the Genus Allium

The present paper reports the chromosome numbers and karyotypes of 11 popula- tions of six species of Sect. Bromatorrhiza and Sect. Rhizirideum in Allium (Liliaceae). The results are as follows: A. cyathophorum Bur. et Franch.: 2n＝2x＝16=12m+4sm (2SAT). A. przewalskianum Regel:  2n=4x＝32＝28m+4st(2SAT) and 2n=4x＝32= 28m+2sm+2st(2SAT) respectively from Zhagyab in Xizang and Lixian in Sichuan. A. polyrhizum Turcz. ex Regel: 2n=4x=20m+8sm+4t(2SAT). A. mongolicum Regel: 2n=2x=16=14m+2st(2SAT). A. senescens L.: 2n=4x＝32＝28m+2sm+2st(2SAT) and 2n=4x＝32＝24m+4sm+4st(2SAT) respectively from Ulrung-do (DPRK) and Horqin Zuoyi Houqi, Nei Monggol. A. tuberosum Rottl. ex Spreng.: Four populations of this species were studied. One from Yongji in Shanxi is diploid with 2n=2x＝16＝14m+2st (2SAT) and the other three populations respectively from Lixian, Yulong and Sanwayao in Sichuan are all tetraploid with 2n=4x＝32=28m+4st(2SAT). The chromosome numbers and karyotypes of A. przewalskianum, A. polyrhizum and A. mongolicum are reported here for the first time. The wild diploid population of A. tuberosum is found here for the first time in China. In additon, the origin of cultivated A. tuberosum and the karyotypical differentiations among the populations of A. cyathophorum, A. przewalskianum and A.senescens are discussed.