基金视角下的学科知识流动网络构建与分析

目的/意义] 在学科交叉融合的背景和趋势下,科研人员的跨学科研究行为促进了知识在不同学科之间的共享与流动。以基金领域为视角,研究学科知识流动,以期为基金管理工作提出建议。方法/过程] 提出基于基金代码共现的学科知识流动强度测量方法,并利用社会网络分析方法,对193517个国家自然科学基金项目数据构建学科知识流动网络,探究网络的演变过程以及不同学科层次内知识流动路径。结果/结论] 通过以上分析,得到如下结论:学科知识流动网络是无标度网络,随着时间的推移,网络的规模和结构都发生显著的变化,网络中重要节点呈非稳态;不同学部之间,存在若干条较为重要的知识流动路径;在某一个学部内,具有较广影响力的一类学科往往更容易构成知识流动链条。

Construction and Analysis of Interdisciplinary Knowledge Flow Network Based on Co-occurrences of Funding Application Codes

Purpose/significance] In the trend of disciplinary integration, scientists usually pursue interdisciplinary applications that lead to interdisciplinary knowledge sharing and knowledge flow. Out of the sight of citation and cooperation, this paper analyzes interdisciplinary knowledge flow in scientific funding to make suggestions to funding management. Method/process] Based on 193517 sponsored projects of National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), we propose an indicator to measure the interdisciplinary flow of knowledge and construct flow network to investigate the evolution of network structure and knowledge distributions across scientific disciplines using social network analysis. Result/conclusion] It is found that the interdisciplinary knowledge flow network is a scale-free network. Its network size and structure have changed dramatically. Important nodes in the network are not stable. There exist several main knowledge flow paths across scientific departments, showing the heterogeneity of knowledge distributions. We find that if two disciplines in the same scientific department both have wide influence, they are prone to link together and create a knowledge chain.