民族地区学前教育高质量发展:应然特征、发展困境与突围路向

民族地区学前教育高质量发展是实现民族地区教育现代化的重要基点,也是激发民族地区内发动力的触点。从政策和理论视角出发以教育理念、资源供给、师资队伍、课程建设、监测体系五方面析出民族地区学前教育高质量发展的应然特征,可为民族地区经济社会发展注入新的活力。进入新时代,我国民族地区学前教育高质量发展进程加速,但同时也存在着观念、资金、师资、课程、监管方面的困境。突围以上困境,需由粗放式的基本普及转向内涵式的高质量发展,其实践路向包括:尊重不同民族的文化,促进民族间文化认同;加大学前教育财政投入,合理配置资源;加强师资队伍建设,提高教师专业化水平;构建优质课程体系,着力推动国家通用语言文字教育发展;提供高质量的学前教育监测体系等。

High Quality Development of Preschool Education in Ethnic Areas:Expected Characteristics,Development Dilemmaand Breakthrough Strategies

The high-quality development of preschool education is an important basis for realizing the modernization of education in ethnic areas,and it is also the touch point for stimulating the driving force in ethnic areas.From the top-level planning to the practical implementation,and from the perspective of policy and theory,the expected characteristics of high quality development of preschool education in ethnic areas are analyzed from the followingfive aspects:educational concept,resource supply,faculty,curriculum construction,and monitoring system.This can inject new vitality into economic and social development of ethnic areas.Entering the new era,the high-quality development of preschool education in ethnic minority areas of China is accelerating,but there are also dilemmas in concepts,funds,faculty,curriculum and supervision.To break through the dilemmas,there should be a shift from extensive basic popularization to connotative high quality development,with the practical orientation of respecting the cultures of different ethnic groups and promoting cultural identity among ethnic groups.There should also be an increase in the financial investment in preschool education and the rational allocation of resources.The construction of faculty should be strengthened,and the teacher professional level needs to be enhanced.A high-quality curriculum system should be constructed and the development of national standard language education should be promoted.Providing high quality preschool education monitoring system should be the focus of seeking breakthrough.